Studies on the Landsteeiner Phenomenon of the ABO Blood Group System in Nature

结合上一年的研究成果，我们进行了研究，取得了以下成果。我们检查了植物、土壤细菌、鱼类和无脊椎动物是否存在与人类相似的朗斯坦纳现象。这是我们首次发现Landsteiner现象作为一种植物出现在三叶树的叶、花和茎中，在Prokopoa Nagai Ensis中作为土壤细菌，在鲑鱼和鲑鱼的卵中作为鱼，作为无脊椎动物的螺旋藻的蛋白分泌物中。这些发现对于从分子生物学的角度阐明生命的进化是非常重要的。建立了Le^a-转移酶、XIV-岩藻糖苷酶、H-D-半乳糖转移酶和H-N-乙酰-D-半乳糖胺转移酶活性的定量测定方法。为了检测多年来血型物质稳定性的变化，我们利用罗伯特·科赫大约90年前寄给他的弟子弗洛什教授的信的信封上的唾液，从罗伯特·科赫研究所和柏林洪堡大学法医研究所的奥托·普罗科普教授那里获得了唾液，我们鉴定出ABO和Lewis血型的化学结构与ABO血型相似。经绝对化检验，结果为O，Le(a，b-)。由此可见，血型物质分泌到唾液中是相当稳定的。我们建立了在玻片上转化血型物质(合成和分解)的方法，利用特定的恶性肿瘤组织片段。利用微生物半乳糖基转移酶，阐明血型物质在感染区组织中转化的可能性，从而阐明血型物质在感染区组织中转化的机制。我们尝试了在细胞中进行DNA分型，这是血液学领域关注的问题，我们检查了

We carried out our study, considering results of our last-year study, and obtained following results.1. We examined if plants, soil bacteria, fishes and invertebrates have Landsteiner phenomenon like human case. It was first time for us to find Landsteiner phenomenon is seen in leaves, flowers and stems of the Clerodendrom trichctomus as a plant and in the Prokopoa nagai ensis as soil bacterum and in eggs of salmons and trouts as fishes and in secretion from albumenglands of the Helix pomatia as a invertebrates. Those discoveries are very important to make evolution of life clear in terms of molecular biology.2. We established quantitative method for Le^a-transferase, XIV-transfucosidase, H- -D-galactose-transferase and H- -N-Acetyl-D-galactosaminetransferase activity.3. To examine change of stability of blood group substance which passed many years, using saliva on the envelope of the letter which Robert Koch sent to his disciple Prof. Flosch about 90 years ago and which could get from Robert Koch institute with Prof. Otto Prokop (Institute of Forensic Medicine,Humboldt-University, Berlin), we identified ABO and Lewis blood group which has chemical structure which is similar to ABO blood group. The result was obtained as O, Le (a+, b-) with absolubtion test. And so it could be clear that blood group substance secretes into saliva is quite stable.4. We established the way to transform blood group substance (synthesis and decomposition) on slide-glasses, using a segment of certain tissue with malignant tumor.5. Using galactosyltransferase from microorganisms, we made the mechanism of transformation of blood group substance in the tissues of infection area by elucidating that transform of blood group substance in tissues in possible.6. We tried DNA typing in cells which is paid attention ti in "Hemogenetics field" and we examine