Studies on the evaluation of recreational functions of forests

本研究旨在从人类工效学的角度，明确不同环境条件对与森林游憩功能有关的人体生理反应的影响，为森林舒适性的选址规划提供一些基础信息。各种生理负荷指标，如摄氧量、有氧通气、心率、血压和主观负荷应力，以及在一些测试地点（大学实验森林的内外空间、实验室的室内等）的温度、湿度和相对照度比设置项，用自行车测功仪、化学气体分析仪、心率记忆仪和血压仪进行测量。采用定量方法对这些数据进行分析。结果表明：(1)室内环境和森林环境下自行车测力器运动的每分钟摄氧量和心率变化具有显著性差异。森林里的吸氧量比室内的要多。(2).(3)与室内室内和（或）路边森林边界相比，森林中运动时的增量更低，恢复速度更快，心率变化处于稳定状态。(4)以大学实验林的步行负荷分析为例，在三种步行速度（慢、中、快）下，采用两种不同步行路线（8.2%和11.2%纵向坡度）的步行运动的met平均值计算如下：慢速：3.6，中速：4.7，快速：5.6（8.2%纵向坡度）/慢速：4.4，中速：5.4，快速：6.0（11.2%纵向坡度）

The purpose of this research is to make clear the influence of different environmental conditions on human hysiological reactions concerned with recreational functions of forests from the point of ergonomics, and to obtain some basic information for the site-planning of the forest amenity.Various phsiological load indicators, such as an oxgen intake, an aerobic ventilation, a heart rate, a blood pressure and a subjective load stress, setting terms of a temperature, a humidity and a relative illumination ratio at some test sites (inside and/or outside spaces of the University Experimental Forest, inside room of the laboratory, etc.), were measured with a bicycle ergometer, a chemical gas analyzer, a heart rate memory and a blood pressure instrument. These data were analyzed by using the quantification method.The results obtained in this research during these three years are summarized as follows: (1) Significant differences were recognized in an oxgen intake per minute and in a heart rate variation from a bicycle ergometer exercise under the circumstances of an inside room and a forest. The amount of an oxgen intake in the forest increased than that of the inside room. (2).(3) Compared with an inside room and/or a forest border along roadsides, lower increment during the exercise and also faster recovery while steady state in the heart rate variation were observed in the forest. (4) In case of the walking load analysis at the University Experimental Forest, the mean METS-values from a walking exercise with two different walking course (8.2% and 11.2% longitudinal slope gradient) at three ranged walking velocity (slow, moderate and fast) were calculated as follows; slow:3.6, moderate:4.7, fast:5.6 at 8.2 % longitudinal slope gradient / slow:4.4, moderate:5.4, fast:6.0 at 11.2% longitudinal slope gradient.