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Procedure for Saving Water Application and Irrigation Scheduling

节约用水和灌溉计划的程序

基本信息

批准号：
02454086
负责人：
KURODA Masaharu
金额：
$ 4.29万
依托单位：
KYUSHU UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1990
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1990 至 1992
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-02454086/
关键词：
Water planning Saving water irrigation Soil moisture Water requirement Irrigation schduling Irrigation system Pressure regulation Discharge regulation 潅漑スケジュ-リング TRAM 二層モデル有効降雨

项目摘要

There are several factors for water saving irrigation, for example, effective use of rainfalls, continuous use of upward flux from sub-soil and so on.In this research, the investigations were carried on for establishing the suitable irrigation schemes such as irrigation scheduling and irrigation system operation concerning factors of saving water. Finally,the water planning technics were proposed and discussed.Obtained results are as follows.(1) Water requirements were established using daily intake water into irrigation system by a reverse calculation of the TRAM method. The time series of irrigation operation were defined by two variables ie. the amount and the time of water application. An optimized evaluation method of water requirements was achieved with introducing an suitable objective function.(2) The two layer model for simulating the upward moisture flux from sub-soil to root zone. The obtained results were varified by field tests on the Kuroboku soil.(3) It is tried to evaluate individually both evaporation rate and transpiration rate from planted fields.(4) The reasonable irrigation scheduling methods were proposed conbining the developed technics on each factor above mentioned.(5) In addition, new regulation technics of hydraulic pressure and discharge were presented for suitable oparation of sprinkler system and micro irrigation system.

节水灌溉有几个因素，如有效利用降雨，持续利用地下土壤向上通量等。本研究从节水因素出发，对灌溉调度、灌溉系统运行等适宜的灌溉方案进行了探讨。最后，提出并讨论了水利规划技术。所得结果如下：(1)利用TRAM法反算灌溉系统日进水量，确定需水量。灌溉作业时间序列由两个变量定义。水的用量和时间。通过引入合适的目标函数，实现了需水量的优化评价方法。(2)模拟底土向根区上行水分通量的两层模型。通过对Kuroboku土壤的现场试验，得到了不同的结果。(3)尝试分别估算种植地的蒸发速率和蒸腾速率。(4)结合上述各因素所开发的技术，提出了合理的灌溉调度方法。(5)此外，还提出了新的水力和流量调节技术，以保证喷淋系统和微灌系统的合理运行。