The function of DG kinase, a lipid phosphorylating enzyme having both EF-hands and zinc fingers.

点击翻译按钮获取中文摘要

We have cloned cDNA encoding porcine 80K diacylglycerol kinase (DGK), thus demonstrating the presence of a novel enzyme having both EF-hands and zinc fingers (Sakane, Nature, 1990). Based on this finding we studied the structure-function relationship of this enzyme using mainly molecular genetics.We showed that the purified enzyme is indeed a high affinity Ca^<2+>-binding protein. In the absence of Ca^<2+> the EF-hand region serves as an autoinhibitory domain by masking a putative phosphatidylserine binding site (s) of this enzyme. Upon Ca^<2+> binding the EF-hands undergoes conformational change that results in the exposure of phospholipid binding site(s). (Sakane, JBC, 1991, Sakane, BBRC, 1991).We cloned cDNA of the rat homolog of the 80K DGK. This enabled us to study the mode of enzyme expression in detail by in situ hybridization and immunostaining. The 80K DGK and its gene were highly expressed in T-lymphocytes, while in the central nervous system their expression is confined to oligodendrocytes. The mode of mRNA formation was linked to the maturation of myelin tissues. We are currently cloning cDNA coding for neuron-specific DGK using the 80K DGK cDNA as a probe. (Goto, submitted). In this respect, three DGK isozymes were purified from human platelets, and they were shown to be distinct from the 80K isozyme (Yada, JBC, 1990).At present the transcriptional control mechanism of the 80K enzyme is being studied using human gene already cloned. The function of zinc finger is also studied by expressing the mutated enzyme in Baculovirus/Sf9 cell system. The function of the 80K enzyme in T-lymphocytes is investigated by immunocytochemical methods.