From local diversity to transnational institutionalization: The emergence of the European Unified Patent Court

从地方多样性到跨国制度化：欧洲统一专利法院的出现

• 批准号: 430164615
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Johannes Glückler
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Lehr- und Forschungseinheit Wirtschaftsgeographie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/430164615?language=en
• 关键词: local; diversity; transnational; institutionalization; emergence

Although the European patent was established in 1973 to protect intellectual property across the European Union, to date there is still no unitary jurisdiction to litigate and enforce IP rights at European scale. UNIFIED focuses on the current process of institutional convergence between nationally fragmented IP regimes and the emergence of a genuine transnational institution: the Unified Patent Court. Given recent evidence of the differences in IP litigation outcomes between the EU member states, this project compares the two leading continental European IP regimes to answer two research questions: How do judicial beliefs in and interpretations of legal norms vary across the regional and national jurisdictions of France and Germany, and how do these beliefs and interpretations eventually converge to manifest a unitary jurisdiction? UNIFIED pioneers a neo-structural theory of institutionalization that integrates institutional and network approaches to account for the relational mechanisms that harmonize and enforce judicial beliefs, interpretations and practices. As part of a mixed-methods research design, a panel of two waves of qualitative interviews with patent judges draws the ‘colors’ of the variegated judicial beliefs and interpretations in France and Germany; while a set of formal network surveys at professional ‘convergence events’ discerns the relational mechanisms that produce a ‘change in these colors.’ UNIFIED is in a unique historical position to study the emergence of the Unified Patent Court as an in-vivo case of convergence from a geographically fragmented variety in judicial institutions. UNIFIED will collect original primary data, both substantive and relational, on an elite judicial field in Europe, and it will contribute to a better understanding of how transnational institutions emerge, in the process, from the origin of interregional judicial diversity. Creating a legitimate and effective unitary IP regime will be a major advance for the European single market to propel and protect future technological innovativeness. In terms of socio-economic relevance, UNIFIED is looking for ways in which a common legal institution could help France and Germany boost the strength of their respective national innovation systems by jointly providing and enforcing a common perspective on patents.

尽管欧洲专利法成立于1973年，旨在保护整个欧盟的知识产权，但迄今为止，仍没有统一的管辖权来在欧洲范围内提起诉讼和执行知识产权。《统一》关注的是目前各国分散的知识产权制度之间的制度趋同进程，以及一个真正的跨国机构的出现：统一专利法院。鉴于欧盟成员国之间知识产权诉讼结果差异的最新证据，该项目比较了两个领先的欧洲大陆知识产权制度，以回答两个研究问题：司法信仰和法律规范的解释如何在法国和德国的地区和国家司法管辖区有所不同，以及这些信仰和解释最终如何收敛以体现统一的管辖权？统一开创了一种制度化的新结构理论，它整合了制度和网络方法，以解释协调和执行司法信念、解释和实践的关系机制。作为混合方法研究设计的一部分，对专利法官进行了两波定性访谈，得出了法国和德国不同司法信仰和解释的“色彩”；而在专业的“汇聚事件”中进行的一组正式的网络调查发现了产生这些颜色变化的关系机制。“统一专利法院的出现是一个从地理上分散的司法机构中融合的活体案例，统一专利法院的出现处于一个独特的历史地位。”统一数据库将收集关于欧洲精英司法领域的实质性和关系性原始原始数据，并将有助于更好地了解在这一过程中，跨国机构是如何从区域间司法多样性的起源中产生的。建立一个合法有效的统一知识产权制度，将是欧洲单一市场推动和保护未来技术创新的一大进步。就社会经济相关性而言，UNIFIED正在寻找一种方法，通过共同提供和执行关于专利的共同观点，共同的法律制度可以帮助法国和德国提高各自国家创新体系的实力。