RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONOD DIRECT OBSERVATION OF QUICK FLUCTUATION OF ATOM IMAGES BY ATOM RESOLUTION ELECTRON MICROSCOPES AND TV-IMAGEPROCESSING SYSTEM

为了在高分辨率电子显微镜下观察晶体中小于-2A^ﾟ晶格间距的原子的局域起伏，利用电视系统和计算机对记录在电视画面中的原子图像进行了逐次相减，高精度和高效率地观测到了1/30秒内原子距离的1/10(-0.2a^ﾟ)的原子图像的小位移。在实现这一观察的过程中，实现了以下事实：1)图像处理设备奥林巴斯Avio XL-500型，时基校正器Victor SAT400，其中一个人参观了美国加州大学伯克利分校的国家电子显微镜中心，用1 MeV Atom Reso…记录了录像带中硅和铂的结构图像NCEM更多的液体电子显微镜(AREM)工作在800KV。通过改变加速电压来记录图像。在日本，记录的图像已经用目前的方法进行了分析。观察和分析的结果有助于更好地理解高能电子辐照硅和铂的元素过程。4)利用Niinol形状记忆合金(Ni_&lt；50&gt；Ti_&lt；50&gt；)，在录像机上记录了在相变温度低于75℃和高于相变温度时分别出现的马氏体结构和奥氏体结构的原子结构图像。虽然图像的严重漂移和样品的取向变化干扰了清晰图像的记录。然而，经过多次实验，样品在相变温度附近的某些取向上已经获得了清晰的原子结构图像。由于需要调整样品的特殊取向，使我们在马氏体向奥氏体相变时能直接看到原子的运动，所以现在进行了一些更多的观察。预计在不久的将来将会取得一些令人满意的结果。较少

In order to visualize the local fluctuation of atoms less than lattice spacing of-2A^^ﾟ in crystals under the high resolution electron microscope observation, successive subtraction of the images of atoms which are recorded in the TV frames has been carried out by using a TV system and a computer and the small displacement of atom images of 1/10 of atomic distance (-0.2A^^ﾟ) within 1/30 seconds have been observed with high accuracy and high efficiency.In the process of achieving this observation, the following facts have been carried out.1).An image processing apparatus, Olympus AVIO XL-500, and time base corrector, Victor SAT400, have been purchased by the fund and used.2).The small displacement of atoms has been displayed on the screen with color using the XL-500 and a computer.3).One of us visited National Center for Electron Microscope (NCEM) of University of California, Berkeley USA and recorded the structure images of silicon and platinum in the video tape by using 1MeV Atom Reso … More lution Electron Microscope (AREM) in NCEM operated at 800KV. Images have been recorded by changing the accelerating voltages. The recorded images have been analyzed by the present method in Japan. The observed and analyzed results may contribute to the better understanding of elemental process of radiation damage of silicon and platinum by high energy electrons.4).Using nitinol shape memory alloy (Ni_<50> Ti_<50>), atomic structure images of martensite structure and austenite structure, which appear below and upper the phase transformation temperature at 75 C respectively, have been recorded in VTR. Though heavy drift of the images and orientation change of the specimens have disturbed the recording of the sharp images. However after many trials, some clear atomic structure images in some orientation of the specimen near the phase transformation temperature have been obtained. Since it is necessary to adjust the specimen in special orientation which enable us to see the movement of atoms directly when the phase transformation of martensite to austenite takes place, some more observations have now been carrying out. Some satisfactory results are supposed to be obtained in near future. Less