Spectroscopic Study of Boundary Layer Between Electrode and Arc Plasma

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In order to make a further understanding of plasma arc processes, we observed the arc discharge morphologies and analyzed the effects of metal vapor on D.C. and A.C. arc welding by means of plasma spectroscopic method.It is found that the arc voltage and anode heat input increase with elevating of working gas pressure. The anode heat input and arc pressure are influenced by kind of working gases. It is suggested that both anode heat input and arc pressure control the phenomena of metal vapor from weld pool.In A.C. arc welding, the conditions of weld metal surface can be classified into two types, the White zone and Bright zone. For all kinds of Al alloys, cathode spots extend from weld pool to cleaning zone. Besides, different cathode spot number, radius and velocity are observed with different Al alloys. It is also suggested that both work function and vapor pressure of Al alloy control the phenomena of metal vapor from weld pool.