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Numerical analysis of arc welding phenomena from a unified arc-electrodes model

统一电弧电极模型对电弧焊接现象的数值分析

基本信息

批准号：
13650779
负责人：
USHIO Masao
金额：
$ 2.18万
依托单位：
Osaka University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2003
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13650779/
关键词：
Tungsten electrode Arc Weld pool TIG welding Numerical analysis Plasma Convective flow Simulation レーザ計測

项目摘要

The development of a numerical model of the process is quite useful for understanding quantitative values of the balances of mass, energy and force in the welding phenomena, because there is still luck of experimentally understanding the quantitative values of them due to the existence of complicated interactive phenomena between the arc plasma and the weld pool. This study was focused on a stationary tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding process for simplification, but the whole region of TIG arc welding, namely, tungsten cathode, arc plasma, work-piece and weld pool was treated in a unified numerical model because of taking the close interaction between the arc plasma and the weld pool into account. Calculations were made for stationary TIG welding at a current of 150 A. The anode was assumed to be a stainless steel, SUS304. The two-dimensional distributions of temperature and velocity in the whole region of TIG welding process were predicted. The weld penetration geometry was also predicted. Furthermore, quantitative values of the energy balance for the various plasma and electrode regions were given. The predicted temperatures of the arc plasma and the tungsten cathode surface were in good agreement with the experiments. There was also approximate agreement of the weld shape with experiment. The calculated convective flow in the weld pool was mainly dominated by the drag force of the cathode jet and the Marangoni force as compared with other two driving forces, namely, the buoyancy force and the electromagnetic force. It was shown that change in the direction of re-circulatory flow in the weld pool led to dramatically different weld penetration geometry.

由于电弧等离子体与熔池之间存在复杂的相互作用现象，因此，建立焊接过程的数值模型对于理解焊接现象中质量、能量和力平衡的定量值是非常有用的。为了简化研究，本研究的重点是固定钨惰性气体（TIG）焊接工艺，但考虑到电弧等离子体与焊池之间的密切相互作用，将TIG弧焊的整个区域，即钨阴极、电弧等离子体、工件和焊池，用统一的数值模型进行处理。对静止TIG焊接在150a电流下进行了计算。阳极假定是不锈钢SUS304。预测了TIG焊接过程中整个区域温度和速度的二维分布。并对焊缝熔透几何形状进行了预测。此外，还给出了各等离子体和电极区域能量平衡的定量值。预测的电弧等离子体温度和钨阴极表面温度与实验结果吻合较好。焊缝形状与试验结果也基本吻合。与浮力和电磁力两种驱动力相比，阴极射流的阻力和Marangoni力对熔池内对流流动的影响更大。结果表明，焊缝池中再循环流动方向的改变导致焊缝焊缝形状的显著变化。