Investigatino of the priming effect using event-related brain potentials

本研究通过三个实验研究了启动情境下事件相关脑电位（ERPs）的性质。在实验1和2中，我们使用了SOV范式，将简单的日语句子按照主语(S)、宾语(O)和动词(V)的顺序进行视觉呈现，由主语判断句子的准确性。S是一个具体名词，V是肯定的（是）或否定的（不是）。在Exp. 1中检验了REP概率的影响。在L条件下，REP为25%，在M条件下为50%。DCN诱发N400， REp诱发正波。REP诱导的积极性在两种情况下都没有差异，这表明积极性并不反映事件的罕见发生，而纯粹是重复的反映。在实验22中，我们考察了SOA的影响。在S条件下，SOA从S到O的时间为200毫秒，而在M条件下为800毫秒。在这两种情况下，从S到V的SOA都是1600毫秒。同样，DCN引起N400阳性，REP引起阳性。当SOA很短的时候，N400被推迟了，但对REP的积极性没有影响。3使用传统的启动范式与词汇决策任务进行。在C条件下，43%的目标属于“优质”类别。在A条件下，大约43%的目标词是基本词的反义词。在这两种情况下，大约43%的目标都是非词。A组对反应时间的促进作用和抑制作用大于C组。虽然对N400没有条件影响，但更大的促进与更早的积极相关，这表明N400并没有反映在行为测量中观察到的抑制。

Three experiments were conducted to examine the nature of event-related brain protentials (ERPs) in a priming situation. In Exp. 1 and 2, we used the SOV paradigm, where simple Japanese sentences were presented visually in the order of subject (S), object (O), and verb (V), of which the subjects judged the veracity. S was a concrete noun, V was affirmative (is) or negative (isn't).The effect of probability of the REP was examined in Exp. 1. In L coneition, the REP was represented by 25% and in M conditin, 50%. DCN elicited the N400 and REp elicited a positive wave. The positivity elicited by REP fdid not differin either condition, suggesting that the positivity did not reflect the rare occurrence of the event, but waas pure reflection of repetition.In Exp. 22, the effect of SOA was examined. In S condition, the SOA from S to O was 200 ms, and in M condition, 800 ms. In both conditions, SOA from S to V was 1600 ms. Again, DCN elicited the N400 and REP elicited positivity. When the SOA was short, the N400 was delayd, but there was no effects on the REP positivity.Exp. 3 was conducted using a traditional priming paradigm with a lexical decision task. In C condition, 43% of the target fell into the "prime" category. In A condition, about 43% of the target was an antonym of the prime word. In both conditions, about 43% of the target was nonword. facilitation and inhibition in reaction time were greater in the A than in the C condition. Although there was no condition effect on N400, greater facilitation was associated with earlier positivity, suggesting that the N400 did not reflect the inhibition observed in a behavioral measure.