Structural studies on molten glasses by an X-ray anomalous scattering

In recent years， great attention has been paid to "non-conventional glasses" which do not vitrify by themselves but do vitrify on addition of second components。因此，这些玻璃预计将具有与SiO_2和B_2O_3不同的传统玻璃的性质。在目前的研究中，我们特别关注的是玻璃杯和非常规玻璃杯。4 ONa_2 O_3、20 Ga_2 O_3、40 TiO_2 glass was investigated on terms of X-ray dadial distribution function （RDF） method。作为一个结果，它揭示了两个Ti^<4+>和Ga^<3+>的单元结构四个折叠协调在玻璃上。这一结果与TiO_4四氮杂菌和TiO_6八氮杂菌的Na_2O·2TiO_2玻璃有很大的不同。这一事实清楚地解释了玻璃形成趋势之间的差异，即前玻璃很容易在后期不存在的情况下。Ti-O键长度也解释了这一事实。这就是所谓的束缚。 ... More Ti-O和Ga-O在40Na_2O·20Ga_2O_3·40TiO_2玻璃中为0.186纳米，而在Na_2O·2TiO_2玻璃中的Ti-O为0.199纳米，似乎可以与以前的情况比较更长。下一步，50 PbO·5 OGaO_<1.5>和80 BiO_<1.5>·20 GaO_<1.5>玻璃的结构由中子和X射线RDF分析进行了全面调查。在两个玻璃中， Ga^&lt;3+&gt;四条是协调的。Pb^&lt;2+&gt; in the 50 PbO·5 OGaO_<1.5>glass forms·ins consisting of PbO_3 trigonal·ramids and/or PbO_4 tetragonal·ramids as found in the PbSiO_3 alamosite cr #。这就是Pb^&lt;2+&gt;行为作为玻璃网络形式。与此相反， Bi^&lt;3+&gt;在80BiO_5<1.5><1.5>和/或BiO_6基因的协调状态（BiO_5 ， BiO_6）_n表中使用V^&lt;4+&gt;根据X射线差分法研究结构的不同剂量。在V^&lt;5+&gt;中发现了玻璃目前存在于VO_5触发性双螺杆菌和VO_3四螺旋体的协调状态中。由于X射线探测器（SSD）用于目前的研究中，它可能是衡量在较短时间内更精确地玻璃的RDF，可能是分析玻璃的复杂结构。Less（低）

In recent years, great attention has been paid to "non-conventional glasses" which do not vitrify by themselves but do vitrify on addition of second components. Therefore, these glasses are expected to have properties very different from conventional glasses such as SiO_2 and B_2O_3. In the present study, we focused especially on gallate glasses as nonconventinal glasses. The structure of 4ONa_2O_3・20Ga_2O_3・40TiO_2 glass was investigated on terms of X-ray dadial distribution function (RDF) method. As a result, it was revealed that the unit structure of both Ti^<4+> and Ga^<3+> is tetrahedrally four fold-coordinated in the glass. This result is largely different from the one for the Na_2O・2TiO_2 glass in which TiO_4 tetrahedra and TiO_6 octahedra coexist. This fact clearly explains the difference in glass formation tendency between the above two glasses that the former glass easily vitrify while the latter does not. The Ti-O bondlength also explains this fact. That is, the bondlengths … More of Ti-O and Ga-O are 0.186 nm in the 40Na_2O・20Ga_2O_3・40TiO_2 glass, while that of Ti-O in the Na_2O・2TiO_2 glass is 0.199 nm which is considerably longer compared to the former case.Next, the structure of 50PbO・5OGaO_<1.5> and 80BiO_<1.5>・20GaO_<1.5> glasses were fully investigated by the neutron and X-ray RDF analyzes. In both glasses, Ga^<3+> is tetrahedrally coordinated. Pb^<2+> in the 50PbO・5OGaO_<1.5> glass forms chains consisting of PbO_3 trigonal pyramids and/or PbO_4 tetragonal pyramids as found in the PbSiO_3 alamosite crystal. That is, Pb^<2+> acts as the glass-network former. Contrarily to this, Bi^<3+> in the 80BiO_<1.5>・20GaO_<1.5> takes the coordination states of BiO_5 and/or BiO_6 foming (BiO_5 , BiO_6) _n sheets.Moreover, the V_2O_5-P_2O_5 glasses with different amounts of V^<4+> were studied on the structure by the X-ray diffraction method. It is found that V^<5+> in the glasses are present in the coordination states of both VO_5 trigonal bipyramids and VO_3 tetrahedra.With the use of the solid state detector (SSD) for X-ray introduced in the present study, it has become possible to measure the more precise RDF of glasses in a shorter time, making it possible to analyze the complicated structure of glasses with ease. Less