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Studies on the systems and controlling factors in translocation and destribution of absorbed nitrogen in gramineous crops.

禾本科作物吸收氮转运分配系统及控制因素研究.

基本信息

批准号：
04454047
负责人：
MIMOTO Hironori
金额：
$ 3.33万
依托单位：
University of Osaka Prefecture.
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1992
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1992 至 1994
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

To clarify the controlling factors in absorption and translocation of nitrogen in rice plant, the distribution of nitrogen was researched by using ^<15>N fertilizer. The destribution of absorbed nitrogen was varied with the leaf positions and the inside and outside half-leaves in rice plant. The reasons of the fact that the nitrogen contents of an outside half-leaf was higher than that of an inside half-leaf were considered that the width of outside half-leaf was narrower, the volume of nodal roots on an outside half-leaf was larger, and the nitrogenabsorbed by outside nodal roots was translocated only to outside half-leaves and could not retranslocate directly to another side. The aitrogen contents showed a high positive correlation with the leaf color intensity. The most stable leaf spots in leaf color intensity were at the center of lateral sides of a midrib of leaf blade on uppermost fully expanded second leaf. In wheat plant, the defferences in leaf color between outside and inside half-leaf were not recognized. The degrees of variation in leaf color intensity on leaf positions in wheat plant and corn plant were larger than that of rice plant, but, basic tendency of variation in leaf color intensity in leaf positions corresponded to that of rice plant. The effects of legumes incorporated as green manures, sunn hemp and peanut, was examined for nitrogen contribution to the succeeding wheat. Total nitrogen content was higher in peanut compared with sunn hemp. The contribution percentage of nitrogen accumlated by each legume to total nitrogen of the succeeding wheat was 11.2% on the peanut plot and 9.4% on the sunn hemp plot. Peanut crop contribated more nitrogen to the succeeding wheat compared with sunn hemp.

为明确水稻植株氮素吸收和转运的控制因素，采用^<15>氮肥对氮素的分布进行了研究。水稻植株吸收氮的分布随叶片位置和内外半叶的不同而不同。外半叶氮含量高于内半叶氮含量的原因认为是外半叶宽度较窄，外半叶节根体积较大，外节根吸收的氮只转运到外半叶，不能直接再转运到另一侧。氮含量与叶片色强呈高度正相关。最上面完全展开的第二叶上，叶片中脉两侧中心的叶斑颜色强度最稳定。在小麦植株中，外半叶和内半叶的叶片颜色差异不明显。小麦和玉米叶片位置上的叶色强度变化程度大于水稻，但叶片位置上的叶色强度变化的基本趋势与水稻一致。研究了豆科植物作为绿肥、大麻和花生对后续小麦氮素贡献的影响。花生的总氮含量高于大麻。花生、麻田各豆类累积氮素对后继小麦总氮素的贡献率分别为11.2%和9.4%。与大麻相比，花生作物对后继小麦的氮素贡献更多。