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Production of useful oligosaccharides from unused polysaccharides by microbial enzymes

通过微生物酶从未使用的多糖生产有用的寡糖

基本信息

批准号：
04454074
负责人：
TOMITA Fusao
金额：
$ 4.16万
依托单位：
Hokkaido University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1992
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1992 至 1994
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Oligo-saccharides attract much attention for their physiological function such as anticarious activity, prevention of constipation and of accumulation of plasma cholesterol, and low calorie sweetener etc. It has also been shown that oligo-saccharides are excellent health-care compounds for plants and microbes. As the importance of oligo-saccharides is recognized, it is apparent that development of their production methods becomes important. Thus, we initiated to study oligo-saccharides production by microbial processes using inexpensive starting materials such as inulin and levan. We isolated many microbes degrading inulin or levan from soil samples, and screened oligo-saccharides producers.1. Oligo-saccharides production from inulin : Arthrobacter sp.H65-7 producing difructose anhydride III (DFA III) was shown to convert DFA III into inulobiose by an intracellular DFA III-degrading enzyme. Inulobiose production from DFA III is possible with whole cell reaction. Streptomyces rochei E87 was found to produce an extracellular enzyme degrading inulin into inulotriose in an exo-manner. We have purified this enzyme and clarified its enzymatic properties.2. Oligo-saccharides production from levan : Streptomyces exfoliatus F3-2 and Arthrobacter nicotinovorans SG9 were found to produce levanbiose and DFA IV,respectively. Levanbiose-producing enzyme was purified and its enzymatic properties were investigated.3. Oligo-saccharides production by transfer reaction of degrading enzyme : Arthrobacter sp.MS9 produces a levanbiose-producing enzyme that transfer fructose residue of inulobiose to reducing-terminal fructose of inulobiose by beta2-6 linkage forming a novel trisaccharide.

低聚糖具有抗龋齿、防止便秘和血浆胆固醇蓄积、低热量甜味剂等生理功能而备受关注，也被证明是对植物和微生物具有良好保健作用的化合物。随着低聚糖的重要性被认识到，显然它们的生产方法的发展变得重要。因此，我们开始研究利用菊粉和Levan等廉价原料进行微生物法生产低聚糖的研究。我们从土壤样品中分离到了许多降解菊粉或低聚糖的微生物，并对低聚糖产生菌进行了筛选。菊粉低聚糖的产生：节杆菌H65-7产生二果糖酸酐III(DFA III)，通过胞内DFA III降解酶将DFA III转化为二糖。用全细胞反应从DFA III生产二糖是可能的。罗氏链霉菌E87能产生一种胞外酶，能将菊粉降解为菊糖三糖。我们对该酶进行了纯化，并明确了其酶学性质。Levan：Streptomyces exfoliatus F3-2和Arthrobacter Nicotinovorans SG9产生的低聚糖分别产生左旋糖苷和DFA IV。对左旋二糖产生酶进行了纯化，并对其酶学性质进行了研究。降解酶转移反应产生低聚糖：节杆菌MS9产生一种左旋二糖产生酶，通过β2-6键将二糖的果糖残基转移到二糖的还原末端果糖，形成一种新的三糖。