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Eco-physiological studies on reforestation in barren lands

荒地造林的生态生理研究

基本信息

批准号：
04454085
负责人：
YAMAMOTO Fukuju
金额：
$ 0.9万
依托单位：
Tottori University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1992
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1992 至 1994
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-04454085/
关键词：
Pittosporum Tobira Betula grossa ABA Water potential xerophyte Pinus Thunbergii micorrhiza Chamaecyparis obtusa 乾燥耐性(耐乾性)気孔 Ammopitanthus mongolicus Ziziphus spina-christi Acacia victoria Leusenia leucocephala Robinia psedoaca

项目摘要

(1) The effect of water stress on the physiological acclimation of pittosporum Tobira and Betula grossa seedlings was investigated. Water deficiency in a culture medium for 2 months raised the drought tolerance of the Pittosporum seedlings. The transpiration rate of the stress-preconditioned Pittosporum seedlings cultured in the -0.42 MPa medium rapidly decreased when the water potential of the medium was lowered to -0.69 MPa, whereas the transpiration rate of unconditioned plants did not. Prolonged water deficiency did not affect the drought tolerance of the Betula seedlings.Xerophytes living in the arid area of Arabian peninsula did not indicate any physiological acclimation after a long-period water deficiency, whereas Pseudoacacia, a mesophyte, indicated stress acclimation.(2) A large number of stomata, hairs, and cuticle wax were observed on both abaxial and adaxial sides of leaves of xerophytes living in arid areas of China. Very few stomata were observed on the adaxial side of leaves of Japanese mesophytes.(3) Biomass increment of Pinus Thunbergii seedlings inoculated with mychorrhiza was greater than that of aseptic seedlings. Removal of rhizomorph of mychorriza decreased photosynthetic activity of them.(4) Cuttings of fast-growing cultivars of Hinoki (Chamaecyparis obtusa) indicated high dehydration tolerance and rapid ABA production under drought stress.

(1)研究了水分胁迫对海桐和毛桦幼苗生理适应的影响。在培养基中缺水2个月，海桐幼苗的耐旱性提高。在-0.42MPa的培养基中，当水势降低到-0.69MPa时，经胁迫预处理的海桐幼苗的蒸腾速率迅速下降，而未经胁迫处理的海桐幼苗的蒸腾速率则无明显变化。长期缺水不影响白桦幼苗的耐旱性，阿拉伯半岛干旱区的旱生植物在长期缺水后没有表现出任何生理适应，而中生植物刺槐表现出胁迫适应。(2)干旱区旱生植物叶片的近轴面和远轴面都有大量的气孔、毛和角质层蜡质。日本中生植物叶片的近轴面气孔很少。(3)接种菌根的黑松幼苗生物量增量大于无菌苗。去除菌根菌索后，光合活性降低。(4)速生品种扁柏扦插苗在干旱胁迫下表现出较强的脱水耐性和快速的阿坝产生。