Studies on the range of production limits and control scheme for greenouse soils.

绿土限产范围及防治方案研究

• 批准号: 04454101
• 负责人: YAMAGUCHI Tomoharu
• 金额: $ 4.03万
• 依托单位: University of Tsukuba
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1992 至 1994
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-04454101/
• 关键词: greenhouse soils; soil ions; salt accumulation; salt capturing; range of production limits; control scheme

Degradation of soils, including salt accumulation, is one of the seriou problems on agricultural production, particularly greenhouse culture for vegetables and flowers in Japan. This problem still remains as one of the major subjects in horticulture to be solved.In this report, we firstly analyzed some physical factor and chemical components of soils collected from three types of greenhouses with diferent periods of usage. From the analytical results with the ion chromatography, atomic absoption and spectrophotometry, there are significant relations in 5 % levels between the value of EC,accumulated rates of anion (SO_4^-, NO_3^-, Cl^-) and cation (Ca^<2+>, Mg^<2+>, K^+), and the ysage periods of greenhouse soils. Then, we tried to estimate the range of production limits for greenhouse soils using the yearly increasing rate of EC and some ionic contents calculated from the experimental results. Finally, as a countermeasure to the salinization caused in grenhouse soils, we have developed a new method to capture the salts accumulated on the surface of soil with using the sheet materials attached on the soil surface. Some basic characteristics for solute transport, and the amount of salts captured on the sheet, are experimentally observed with three different types of sheets.

土壤退化，包括盐分积累，是日本农业生产，特别是蔬菜和花卉温室栽培的严重问题之一。本文首先对三种不同使用年限的温室土壤的物理因子和化学成分进行了分析。离子色谱法、原子吸收法和分光光度法的分析结果表明，温室土壤EC值、阴离子（SO_4^-、NO_3^-、Cl^-）和阳离子（Ca^2+、Mg^2+、K^+）的积累速率与温室土壤的老化时间在5%水平上有显著相关性。然后，我们试图估计生产限制的温室土壤EC的年增长率和一些离子含量从实验结果计算的范围。最后，作为温室土壤盐渍化的对策，我们开发了一种新的方法，利用附着在土壤表面的片状材料来捕获积累在土壤表面的盐。溶质运移的一些基本特性，以及在片材上捕获的盐的量，实验观察到三种不同类型的片材。

项目成果

T.Yamaguchi, Y.Abe et al.: "Efficiency of Salt-Capture-Sheets influenced with the the Composition of Soil and Drying Environment." J.of Aric.Structures, Japan. (under preparation).

T.Yamaguchi、Y.Abe 等人：“盐捕获片的效率受土壤成分和干燥环境的影响。”

山口智治,安部征雄: "土性および乾燥環境条件による塩類捕集シートの効率(仮題)" 農業施設. (発表予定).

Tomoharu Yamaguchi、Yukio Abe：“盐捕获板的效率取决于土壤质地和干燥的环境条件（暂定标题）”农业设施。

山口智治,安部征雄: "栽培利用年数を異にするハウス土壌の化学性について(仮題)" 農業施設. (発表予定).

Tomoharu Yamaguchi、Yukio Abe：“不同耕作年份的温室土壤的化学特性（暂定标题）”农业设施（预定演示）。

山口 智治: "土壌表層に集積する塩類の捕集法" 平成5年度日本沙漠学会講演要旨集.

Tomoharu Yamaguchi：“收集土壤表面积累的盐分的方法”1993年日本沙漠学会会议摘要。

山口智治,安部征雄: "栽培利用年数を異にするハウス土壌の物理性について(仮題)" 農業施設. (発表予定).

Tomoharu Yamaguchi、Yukio Abe：“不同耕作年份的温室土壤的物理特性（暂定标题）”农业设施（预定演示）。