USEFULNESS OF SALIVA TO DETECT ANTIBODIES AGAINST VIRUSES IN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES

在流行病学研究中，血液标本的采集存在以下缺点：操作过程痛苦、需要经过医学培训的人员和一次性无菌注射器。为建立敏感的ELISA方法（ABC-ELISA）检测唾液中单纯疱疹病毒（HSV）抗体，并对198名健康护生、医学院学生和191名洗浴女工进行了血清和唾液标本配对检测，观察了健康学生和洗浴女工的HSV感染情况。血清和唾液标本间接ELISA稀释度分别为1：400和1：5，ABC-ELISA稀释度分别为1：2000和1：10。抗人IgG的生物素化抗体和抗生物素蛋白生物素复合物购自Vector（Burlingame，Calif. U. S. A）。测定了病毒与对照抗原的光密度差（OD），并根据ABC-ELISA的d-OD（平均值+3SD）确定了ABC-ELISA的临界值。 关于我们 与血清HSV抗体检测结果比较，唾液ABC-ELISA的敏感性和特异性分别为93.3%和100%。ABC-ELISA的敏感性高于间接ELISA，血清和唾液ABC-ELISA阳性者的检测结果有显著相关性，在74份血清阳性者的唾液标本中，结果表明，3例患者血清d-OD值均较低，洗浴女工唾液中HSV抗体阳性率为84.3%（161/100），其中12例患者血清d-OD值较低，唾液中HSV抗体阳性率为84.3%（161/100），唾液中HSV抗体阳性率为84.3%（161/100）。191）。不同年龄组HSV抗体阳性率分别为20-29岁组65%、30-39岁组89%、40岁组94%。年龄最小的洗浴工组唾液中HSV抗体阳性率显著高于护生组（43.5%）。横滨市20-29岁组血清HSV抗体阳性率为41%，30-39岁组为63%，40-49岁组为82%。结果表明，横滨市浴场工作人员与居民的HSV抗体阳性率在年龄组上有显著性差异。从HSV感染资料可以看出，洗浴人员是HSV传播的高危人群，虽然唾液ABC-ELISA检测法的敏感性有待提高，但上述结果提示唾液检测HSV抗体在流行病学研究中是有用的。少

Collection of blood specimens in epidemiological studies has disadvantages that is the procedure with painful, requirement of medically trained personnel and the sterilized disposable syringes. We established a sensitive ELISA method (ABC-ELISA) to detect the antibodies against herpes simplex virus (HSV) in saliva, and observed the prevalence among healthy students and female bath-house workers.Paired specimens of serum and saliva were collected from 198 healthy students of nurse school and medical school, and saliva specimens were obtained from 191 female bath-house workers. Serum and saliva specimens were diluted 1 : 400 and 1 : 5 for indirect ELISA and 1 : 2000 and 1 : 10 for ABC-ELISA respectively. The biotinylated antibody against human IgG and avidin biotin complex were purchased from Vector (Burlingame, Calif.U.S.A). The difference of optical density (OD) between virus and control antigen were obtained, and the cut-off valued of d-OD (mean+3SD) for ABC-ELISA were determined from … More negative samples.In comparison with the results of HSV antibody test on serum, the sensitivity and specificity for ABC-ELISA on saliva were 93.3% and 100% respectively. The sensitivity for ABC-ELISA was higher than that for indirect ELISA.The significant correlation between the results for positive cases by ABC-ELISA on serum and saliva was found. Of 74 saliva specimens from seropositives, three gave negative results on ABC-ELISA.The values of d-OD on serum of these 3 cases were low.The prevalence of HSV antibody in saliva among female bath-house workers was 84.3% (161/191). The positive rates of HSV antibody by age were 65% in the 20-29 age group, 89% in the 30-39 age group and 94% in the * 40 age group. The prevalence of HSV antibody in saliva among the youngest bath-house worker group was significantly higher than that of nurse students (43.5%). The positive rates of HSV antibody in serum among residents of Yokohama city were 41% in the 20-29 age group, 63% in the 30-39 age group and 82% in the 40-49 age group. It was indicated that there were significant difference on prevalence rates of HSV antibody by age group between bath-house workers and residents of Yokohoma. It can be considerable from the data on HSV prevalence that the bath-house workers is high risk group on HSV transmission.Though it is necessary to improve sensitivity of ABC-ELISA method for testing of saliva, the mentioned results suggested that saliva was useful for detection of antibodies to HSV in epidemiological studies. Less