Interface Structures of the Functional Bonded Materials Using Nanocrystalline Carbon 60

用高分辨电子显微镜研究了纳米晶碳60中晶界的原子结构、大变形碳纳米管中的缺陷结构以及纳米管纤维增强纳米碳60中的缺陷结构，并研究了它们对力学性能的影响，作为开发新型碳工程材料的一部分。由于高度对称的晶体结构，碳60的力学性能是独一无二的。具有许多滑动面的面心立方结构允许晶体大量变形。对滑移轨迹的极化率分析表明，其室温活动体系为{111}&lt；110&gt；为了提高碳60的延展性，在10Torr的氦气中汽化生成了纳米聚集体。薄板试件的室温拉伸试验结果表明，纳米晶试件延性最好，加工硬化率与S…相当或更低。更多的单晶C60。结果表明，在C60中，细晶集合体的超塑性行为即使在室温下也可以进行。另一方面，Iijima发现的碳纳米管是圆柱形的高阶富勒烯，在C60生产过程中以双产物的形式生长在阳极上的碎屑中。它是一种晶须，所以人们普遍认为它具有极高的抗拉强度和零塑性。然而，我们的实验证明了纳米管的变形。观察到弯曲的纳米管，但没有观察到断裂的例子。高分辨电子显微镜显示，变形是纳米管内压侧的屈曲。碳纳米管的工程可以进行，因为材料已经被证明是韧性的。有人建议使用纳米管作为纤维来增强C60或软金属。碳纳米管/C60体系可以通过简单的挤压来制备。该复合材料中，纳米管的取向是通过在银套中挤压该复合材料来实现的。高分辨电子显微镜显示，挤压后的复合材料中碳纳米管无缺陷。然而，基质C60为纳米晶，表明在室温下具有良好的延展性。较少

Atomic structures of grain boundaries in nanocrystalline carbon 60, and defect structuers in heavily deformed carbon nanotube as well as nanotube fiber reinforced nanocrystalline carbon 60 were examined by high resolution electron microscopy and their influence on the mechanical properties were investigated as part of our efforts to develop the new carbons as engineering materials. The carbon 60 is unique in the mechanical property due to highly symmetrical crystal structure. Face centered cubic structure with many slip planes allow the crystal to deform by a large amount. A stereographic analysis of the slip traces showed that the active system at room temperature is {lll} <110>. In order to increase the ductility of carbon 60, the nanocrystalline aggregate was produced by vaporization in Helium at 10 Torr. The results of the tensile tests of thin sheet specimen at room temperature, the nanocrystalline specimen was most ductile and the work hardening rate comparable or below that of s … More ingle crystalline C60. The result suggested that superplastic behavior of fine crystalline aggregate operates even at room temperature in C60.On the other hand, carbon nanotube, discovered by Iijima is cylindrical high order fullerene which grows in the debris on the anode as a biproduct during production of C60. It is a kind of whisker, so taht an extremely high tensile strength and zero plasticity is generally anticipated. However, our experiment proved the defomation of nanotubes. Curved nanotubes were observed, while no example of fracture was obrained. High resolution electron microscopy showed that the deformation is buckling of inner compressive side of the nanotube.The engineering of the carbon nanotube can proceed because the material has been proved ductile. The use of nanotube as the fiber to strengthen C60 or soft metals has been suggested. The carbon nanotube/C60 system can be produced simply by extrusion instead. The composite where the alignment of nanotube is achieved by the extrusion of the composite in a silver sheath. High resolution electron micrograph showed that the carbon nanotubes are defect free in the as extruded composite. The matrix C60, however, was nanocrystalline suggesting a good ductility at room temperature. Less