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STUDY ON THE DIMINUTION OF PLOWING FORCE BY ELECTRIC - OSMOSIS

电渗透降低犁耕力的研究

基本信息

批准号：
05452328
负责人：
NAMIKAWA Kiyoshi
金额：
$ 4.03万
依托单位：
KYOTO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1993
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1993 至 1994
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Under the influence of electric field in the soil, there occurs a whole series of electro-kinetic phenomena, what is called, electro-osmosis. These phenomena are the movement of soil water from the anode to the cathode.Supposed a tillage implement such as plow working in soil under the influence of electric field, the tillage implement is arranged to serve as cathode. When the soil is charged with electricity through anode, soil water will move to soil-tool interface and create a liquid film. This film will promote lubrication, suggesting the possibility of reducing soil-tool friction. The objective of this study is to reduce the draft force in plow working in a manner of poromoting lubrication through the application of electro-osmosis.First, electrical conductivity of soil related to electro-osmosis was measured. It was found in preliminary observation that the value of electical conductivity varied with not only the type of soil, but also depend on density and moisture content. Therefore, we researched the relationship of electrical conductivity against initial density and moisture content of various types of soil.Secondly, to research the reduction of soil-metal friction force by electro-osmosis, experimentation was conducted in soil bin by pulling a metal slider on soil surface. The result was that more than 70% of the friction reduction were achieved at the moisture content 29% (db%) when sliding speed was 8.6 m/s and the electrical potential was 30V/cm.Finally, to test the reduction of draft force in mole-plow through the application of electro-osmosis, field test was done at Takatuski Farm and Takahara Pasture, where were attached to Faculty of Agriculture in Kyoto University. The result was that the draft reduction of more than 12% was achieved at Takatsuki Farm when the current flow was about 1.2A and the moisture content was 28.8%.

土壤在电场的作用下，会发生一系列的动电现象，即电渗现象。这些现象是土壤水分从阳极向阴极的运动。假设耕作工具如犁在电场的影响下在土壤中工作，耕作工具被布置为阴极。当土壤通过阳极带电时，土壤水将移动到土壤-工具界面并形成液膜。这种薄膜将促进润滑，这表明减少土壤-工具摩擦的可能性。本研究的目的是通过电渗技术的应用，降低犁体在以多孔润滑的方式工作时的牵引力。首先，测定了与电渗相关的土壤电导率。初步观测发现，土壤电导率值不仅随土壤类型而变化，而且还与密度和含水量有关。因此，本文研究了不同类型土壤的电导率与初始密度和含水率的关系。其次，为了研究电渗降低土壤-金属摩擦力的效果，在土槽中通过在土壤表面拉动金属滑块进行了实验。结果表明，当土壤含水率为29%（db%），滑动速度为8.6 m/s，电位为30 V/cm时，土壤摩擦力降低70%以上。最后，为了验证电渗技术对犁耕阻力的降低效果，在高土斯基农场和高原县进行了田间试验。隶属于京都大学农学部。结果表明，在高月农场，当电流为1.2A左右，含水率为28.8%时，通风减少了12%以上。