New Developments in the Maintenance of Peace by the United Nations

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The International Community in the post-cold-war era needs a new international order, in which the U.N.will play a crucial role for international peace and security. However, a certain gap may be recognized between the practice of the U.N.in the cold-war era and the role which will be expected and realizable after the cold-war. The fact is that a complex of collective security and peace-keeping has been taken in recent cases, like Iraq-Kweit conflict, Ex-Yugoslavia case or Somalia. We examined new developements fo peace function of the U.N., focussing on the interrelationship between collective security and peace-keeping.IDA's research began with re-evaluation of the U.N.practice in collective security and peace-keeping as a whole, so as to draw some limits and problems lying on the edge of the theoretical framework of collective security and its practice. He also analyzed the draft articles of Statute of the International Criminal Court. SAKAI tried a precise analysis of various peace-keeping operations taken after 1989 and pointed out some important evolutions of traditional principles of peace-keeping ; (1) lack of consent, (2) ambiguity of control, (3) expansion of competence and (4) loose limit of the use of force for self-defense.