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Measurement and control of organohalogen compounds in waste incineration.

垃圾焚烧中有机卤素化合物的测量和控制。

基本信息

批准号：
05650523
负责人：
TAKEDA Nobuo
金额：
$ 1.54万
依托单位：
KYOTO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1993
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1993 至 1995
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

To measure the total organic chlorine (TOCl) and the total organic bromine (TOBr), solvent extraction, UV-photolysis and ion chromatography (IC) were employed. Halogen atoms bonded to organic compound were converted to halogen ions by UV-photolysis after adding the sodium hydroxide in 2-propanol solution. The converted halogen ions were measured by IC.By using the model organohalogen compounds, this method was evaluated, and most of the halogen ions bonded to model compounds can be recovered. The concentrations of TOCl and TOBr in fly ash from solid waste incineration plants, and the concentration of TOCl in flue gas from a laboratory scale fluidized bed incinerator were determined.Effects of CaCO_3 addition to an artificial solid waste and ammonia injection to secondary combustion chamber on the concentrations of acid gases (HCl and SOx), nitrogen oxides (NOx), chlorobenzens (CBzs) and chlorophenols (CPhs) in flue gas were investigated using the laboratory scale fluidized bed incinerator. When Ca/Cl_2 mole ratio in solid waste was higher than two, 95% of HCl and 100% of SOx were eliminated from flue gas at secondary chamber temperature 800ﾟC.CBzs and CPhs were reduced to about 30% and 50% respectively at Ca/Cl_2 mole ratio three. NOx concentration in flue gas however increased by CaCO_3 addition. By ammonia injection, NH_3/NO mole ratio one, NOx concentration in flue gas was reduced to 70%. At NH_3/NO mole ratio three, CBzs were reduced to 50% compared to that without ammonia injection.

总有机氯（TOCl）和总有机溴（TOBr）的测定采用溶剂萃取法、紫外光解法和离子色谱法。在2-丙醇溶液中加入氢氧化钠后，结合有机化合物的卤素原子通过紫外光解转化为卤素离子。利用模拟有机卤素化合物对转化的卤素离子进行了测量，并对该方法进行了评价，结果表明，大部分与模型化合物结合的卤素离子可以被回收。测定了固体废物焚烧厂飞灰中TOCl和TOBr的浓度，以及实验室规模流化床焚烧炉烟气中TOCl的浓度。在实验室规模的流化床焚烧炉上，研究了人工固体废物中添加CaCO_3和二次燃烧室注氨对烟气中酸性气体（HCl和SOx）、氮氧化物（NOx）、氯苯（CBzs）和氯酚（CPhs）浓度的影响。当固废中Ca/Cl_2摩尔比大于2时，二次室温度为800℃，烟气中HCl的去除率为95%，SOx的去除率为100%。当Ca/Cl_2摩尔比为3时，CBzs和cpp分别减少约30%和50%。CaCO_3的加入使烟气中NOx浓度升高。注氨后，NH_3/NO摩尔比为1，烟气中NOx浓度降至70%。在NH_3/NO摩尔比为3时，cbz比未注氨时减少50%。