Production and Destruction of Toxic Chemicals in Plastics Combustion

塑料燃烧中有毒化学品的产生和销毁

• 批准号: 63550395
• 负责人: TAKEDA Nobuo
• 金额: $ 1.66万
• 依托单位: KYOTO UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1988 至 1989
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-63550395/
• 关键词: Plastics; Combustion; Thermoanalysis; Chlorobenzene; Chlorophenol; Organochlorinated compounds; 熱分解; 異性体分布; TGーDTA@GC; MS; 炭化水素; 芳香族; ベンゼン環

Thermal decomposition of several kinds of resins, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, 6-nylon and alkyl-benzene sulphoic acid were investigated by using TG-DSC thermogravimeter in the atmosphere with and without oxygen. They show individual properties in endothermic or exothermic reaction, decomposition speed and auto-ignition characteristics. The product generated at 500, 650 and 800 deg.c were analyzed by GC/MS detector. Polyethylene produces much hydrocarbons at 500 and 650 deg.c, and much aromatic hydrocarbons at 800 deg.c. Chlorobenzenes and chrorophenols were analyzed for the decomposition products from polyvinyl chloride. The production of mono-chlorobenzenes and mono-chlorophenols are much more than the other congeners, so that chloro-benzenes and chloro-phenols are thought to be produced through the process of chlorine addition. The chlorination are promoted by the existence of oxygen. There were much amount of 2-mono-chlorophenol, 2,4-di- chlorophenol, 2,6-di-chlorophenol and 2,4,6-tri-chlorophenols in the decomposition products. The 2,4,6-positions are easily exchanged by chlorine. The flue gas and flyash from municipal refuse incineration plant were analyzed and the regression between the concentrations of chloro-benzenes and chloro-phenols and dioxins were investigated.

用TG-DSC热重分析仪研究了聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、尼龙6和烷基苯磺酸在有氧和无氧气氛中的热分解。它们在吸热或放热反应、分解速度和自燃特性方面表现出各自的特性。通过GC/MS检测器分析在500、650和800 ℃下产生的产物。聚乙烯在500和650 ℃下产生大量烃，在800 ℃下产生大量芳烃。分析了聚氯乙烯分解产物中的氯苯和氯酚。一氯苯和一氯酚的产量远高于其他同类物，因此认为氯苯和氯酚是通过氯加成过程产生的。氧气的存在促进了氯化反应。分解产物中含有大量的2-一氯苯酚、2，4-二氯苯酚、2，6-二氯苯酚和2，4，6-三氯苯酚。2，4，6-位很容易被氯交换。对城市垃圾焚烧厂的烟气和飞灰进行了分析，并对氯苯、氯酚与二恶英的浓度进行了回归分析。