Soziale Identität in Agentenbasierten Modellen (SIAM)

基于代理的模型中的社会身份 (SIAM)

• 批准号: 432516175
• 负责人: Dr. Geeske Scholz
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Umweltsystemforschung
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Scientific Networks
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2019-12-31 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/432516175?language=en
• 关键词: Soziale; Identit; Agentenbasierten; Modellen; SIAM

Computational social sciences, including social simulation, is a fast growing paradigm allowing a variety of complex social theory to be formalised. However, the maturing social simulation community is facing the challenge of developing standards and methods for model development, including how to pick and implement behavioural theories when modelling human behaviour. While standards for the documentation of ABMs are developed and platforms for model exchange exists, the community is only starting to address the challenge of developing a set of formalized theories suitable for application to the diverse situations in which human behaviour is modelled. Choosing how to represent human behaviour in a model is critical, as subtly different assumptions can result in very different outcomes. One particular need when formalising human behaviour and decision-making is the significance of social context – representing how people might decide what to do within a specific context and social-physical situation. Part of the reason for the difficulty here is that this depends upon the complex relationship between the individual’s identity and the social situation they inhabit. The purpose of SIAM is to contribute towards formalising a widely applicable social-psychological theory incorporating social context – the social identity approach – for the use in agent-based models (ABMs). The Social Identity approach (SIA) refers to the combination of Social Identity Theory (Tajfel & Turner, 1979) and Self-Categorization Theory (Turner et al., 1987). SIA proposes that people derive a significant part of their concept of self from the social groups they belong to and that social identification is a fundamental basis for collective behaviour. SIA investigates how and when individuals come to feel, think and act as members of a group rather than as individuals. Our aim is to build a basic formalisation of this approach that is adaptable to different situations and ABMs. To this end, SIAM comprises both modellers and social and environmental psychologists that use and advance SIA. Together we want to build a formalized model of the essential parts of SIA – or suite of standardized SIA parts (such as identity or salience calculation) and make this publically available (together with a throughout documentation). We are convinced that a formalisation of SIA that is applicable for different cases and situations and that meets the need for more formalized actor models is achievable. Producing alternative socio-cognitive models for actors will encourage social science modellers to consider these new, social, options and so not only the default ones (e.g., the rational actor model). In summary, SIAM will produce i) a review paper of ABMs using the social identity theory (building upon a preliminary review we have already conducted); ii) a conceptual model (set) formalization of SIA; and iii) a workshop at the Social Simulation Conference 2021 discussing our results.

计算社会科学，包括社会模拟，是一个快速发展的范式，允许各种复杂的社会理论被形式化。然而，成熟的社会模拟社区正面临着为模型开发制定标准和方法的挑战，包括在建模人类行为时如何选择和实施行为理论。虽然ABM的文档标准的开发和模型交换的平台存在，社区只是开始解决的挑战，开发一套正式的理论适用于不同的情况下，人类行为的建模。选择如何在模型中表示人类行为至关重要，因为细微的不同假设可能导致非常不同的结果。在将人类行为和决策正式化时，一个特别的需求是社会背景的重要性-代表人们如何在特定的背景和社会物理情况下决定做什么。造成这种困难的部分原因是，这取决于个人身份与他们所处的社会环境之间的复杂关系。SIAM的目的是促进正规化一个广泛适用的社会心理学理论纳入社会背景-社会身份的方法-在基于代理的模型（ABMs）中使用。社会认同方法（SIA）是指社会认同理论（Tajfel & Turner，1979）和自我分类理论（Turner et al.，1987年）。SIA提出，人们的自我概念很大一部分来自他们所属的社会群体，社会认同是集体行为的根本基础。SIA调查个人如何以及何时开始感觉，思考和作为一个群体的成员，而不是作为个人。我们的目标是建立一个基本的形式化的这种方法，是适应不同的情况和ABM。为此，SIAM由使用和推进SIA的建模者和社会与环境心理学家组成。我们希望共同构建SIA的基本部分的形式化模型-或标准化SIA部分的套件（例如身份或显着性计算），并使其在计算机上可用（连同整个文档）。我们相信，适用于不同情况和情况的SIA的形式化是可以实现的，并满足更正式的演员模型的需求。为行动者建立替代的社会认知模型将鼓励社会科学建模者考虑这些新的社会选项，而不仅仅是默认选项（例如，理性行为者模型）。总之，SIAM将制作i）使用社会认同理论的ABM评论论文（基于我们已经进行的初步审查）; ii）SIA的概念模型（集合）形式化; iii）在2021年社会模拟会议上讨论我们的结果的研讨会。