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Recovery of a reef fish assemblage following hermatypic coral destruction by Acanthaster planci infestation

因棘蚴侵染造成造礁珊瑚破坏后珊瑚鱼群的恢复

基本信息

批准号：
05660200
负责人：
SANO Mitsuhiko
金额：
$ 0.83万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1993
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1993 至 1994
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-05660200/
关键词：
Dead corals Recovery Fish assemblage

项目摘要

Changes in the structure of a reef fish assemblage along with recovery of hermatypic corals following heavy mortality by the coral-feeding starfish Acanthaster planci were investigated at Amitori and Sakiyama bays of Iriomote Island, one of the Ryukyu Islands of Japan, in October 1993 and 1994. At Amitori Bay, staghorn corals were completely killed with A.planci between 1981 and 1982. Dead coral branches had been strikingly degraded, and a flat plain of low-relief coral rubble remained by 1993. This reef is referred to as "dead coral reef." Corals of some areas at the bay, however, have recovered since 1988, and mean surface coverage of living staghorn corals on the reef was 81% in 1993 and 94% in 1994. This reef is referred to as "81% recovery coral reef" and "94% recovery coral reef, " respectively. Corals on the Sakiyama Bay reef, on the other hand, were not infested with the starfish, so living coral coverage on the reef was more than 95% in both years.Five transects 20 m long and 1 m wide were established on the living, dead, and recovery reefs each year. Fishes on each transect were counted by direct observation.The mean numbers of fish species and individuals per transect markedly decreased on the unstructured dead reef, compared with the living, 81% recovery, and 94% recovery reefs. These numbers showed no significant difference between the living reef and the 2 kinds of recovery reefs. Fish species composition also was similar between the living and recovery reefs each year. These facts suggest that the structure of the fish assemblage on the recovery reef returned to the predisturbance state, although living coral coverage did not recover the levels prior to the outbreak of A.planci.

1993年10月和1994年10月，在日本琉球群岛西表岛的Amitori和Sakiyama海湾，研究了礁鱼组合结构的变化，沿着礁型珊瑚在大量死亡后的恢复。在Amitori湾，鹿角珊瑚在1981年至1982年间被A.planci完全杀死。死亡的珊瑚枝已明显退化，到1993年，仍有一片地势低平的珊瑚碎石平原。这个珊瑚礁被称为“死珊瑚礁”。“不过，自一九八八年以来，该湾部分地区的珊瑚已逐渐恢复生长，而珊瑚礁上活鹿角珊瑚的平均覆盖面积在一九九三年为百分之八十一，而在一九九四年则为百分之九十四。”该珊瑚礁分别被称为“81%恢复珊瑚礁”和“94%恢复珊瑚礁”。另一方面，在崎山湾珊瑚礁上的珊瑚没有受到海星的侵扰，因此珊瑚礁上的活珊瑚覆盖率在两年中都超过95%。每年在活珊瑚礁、死珊瑚礁和恢复珊瑚礁上建立5个20米长、1米宽的样带。通过直接观察对每条断面上的鱼类进行计数，与活礁相比，非结构化死礁的鱼类种类和个体的平均数量显著减少，恢复率为81%，恢复率为94%。活礁与2种恢复礁的生物量无显著差异。鱼类物种组成也是相似的生活和恢复珊瑚礁之间的每一年。这些事实表明，恢复珊瑚礁上的鱼类组合的结构恢复到干扰前的状态，虽然活珊瑚覆盖率没有恢复到A. planci爆发前的水平。