Fundamental Study on Flow and Settling Characteristics of Clay Suspensions.

1（1）以蒙脱石和高岭石这两种典型的粘土矿物为试验材料。然后在恒温条件下测定了粘土悬浮液的粘度。使用锥板式粘度计。(2)从这些实验数据，粘度的依赖性的固体比例的悬浮液可以得到高精度。由此导出了实验公式（粘度）× Exp（固液比），并从理论上对这些常数进行了讨论。(3)粘土悬浮液的粘度被证明表现出非牛顿，触变性流动，以及对剪切速率的高度依赖性。(4)然后，将剪切应力TAU和剪切速率γ之间的关系外推至γ =0。通过对悬浮液中粘土颗粒沉降现象的研究，发现悬浮液中粘土颗粒的沉降现象与悬浮液中粘土颗粒的沉降现象有关，而悬浮液中粘土颗粒的沉降现象与悬浮液中粘土颗粒的沉降现象有关。这些结果表明，颗粒与圆柱管壁之间的摩擦力f，特别是超过2%的固体比。3宾汉屈服应力TAU_o和摩擦力f，估计蒙脱石悬浮液，采取几乎相同的大小顺序，并表现出典型的趋势，固体比。一般来说，这两个值太小而无法检测到，因此该研究有望对悬浮液中粘土力学的实验和理论研究做出重大贡献。

1 (1) Montmorillonite and Kaolinite, famous for those typical properties, were adopted as test clay minerals. Then we measured the viscosities of clay suspensions under constant temperature. using cone-plate type viscometer.(2) From these experimental data, dependency of viscosities on solid ratio of suspensions could be obtained with high accuracy. Thus experimental formula (viscosity) * Exp (solid ratio) were derived, and those constants were discussed theoretically.(3) Viscosities of clay suspensions proved to exhibit non-Newtonian, thixotropic flow, as well as high dependency on shear rate.(4) Then, extrapolating the relationship between shear stress TAU and shear rate gamma to gamma=0. Bingham yield stress TAU_o could be estimated for the clay suspensions.2 Settling phenomena of dispersed clay particles in suspensions were also measured for several ten days. These results indicate that the friction force f between particles and cylindrical tube wall, especially more than 2% of solid ratio.3 Bingham yield stress TAU_o and friction force f, estimated for montmorillonite suspensions, take almost the same size in order, and exhibit typical tendency on solid ratio. In general, these two values are too slight to be detected, so this research would be expected to have a significant contribution to experimental and theoretical study on clay mechanics in suspensions.