Developmennt of Distributed Runoff Model included Land-Use Pattern in a Drainage Basin

本研究探讨一种洪水分析之迳流模式，其目的在于分析一种考虑流域土地利用型态特性之迳流现象。1）将运动波径流模型与LST-Ⅱ模型（长短期径流模型; Kadoya，M.和A.Magai，1988）相结合，建立了一个径流模型，称为KiWS模型（Kinematic Wave Storage Model）。该模型的上半部分由运动波模型组成，下半部分与LST-Ⅱ模型相同;（2）KiWS模型自动计算地表径流和/或瞬时地下径流中涉及的有效降雨量;（3）运动波模型表示坡面和/或田面上的雨水流和河网中的径流的常规相态，其中有效降雨量序列作为输入条件，与各流域块的土地利用相对应。4）通过考虑流域开发影响的径流模拟，结果表明，KiWS模型有望作为一种实用的模型应用于多用地流域的径流分析。5）提出了一种改进的径流分析方法，并对该方法进行了验证。模型以分布式流域模型为主。6）在洪水演算系统中，采用延迟降雨序列作为输入条件，对LST-Ⅱ模型进行了改进，并对改进后的LST-Ⅱ模型进行了模拟。结果表明，改进后的方法比原方法可使实测过程线的重现性提高约10%。

This study discusses a runoff model for flood analysis, in which is aimed to analyze a runoff phenomena considering the chracteristics of land-use pattern in a drainage basin. The following results are obtained :1) The runoff model, which is named KiWS Model (Kinematic Wave Storage Model), iscombied kinematic wave runoff model with LST-II Model (the Long and Short Terms Runoff Model ; Kadoya, M.and A.Magai, 1988). Namely, the upper zone of the model is composed by kinematic wave model and the lower zone of one is the same with the LST-II Model.2) The effctive rainfall concerned in the surface runoff and/or prompt subsurface runoff is automatically computed in KiWS Model.3) The routine phases of rainwater flow on hillslope and/or field plane and stream flow in stream network are expressed by the kinematic wave model, in which the effective rainfall series are given as input condition corresponding to land-use of each basin block.4) By a runoff simulation considering the effects of basin development, it is shown that the KiWS Model is expected to apply as a practical model to runoff analysis for for multiple land-use basin.5) A modified method of runoff analysis is proposed and examined to apply the LST-II Model to the distributed type of basin model. And it is shown that the modified LST-II Model can be possible to utilize the flash flood forecasting in the basin involved partial developed and/or urbanized area.6) In the flood routine system, the delayd rainfall sequence is used as input condition to the LST-II Model. And it is shown that the reproducibility of observed hydrograph is improved about 10% by the modified method than the original one.