Development and Characteristic Analysis of New Concept Tillage Machineries

(1)动力盘式分蘖的研究通过考察作用在单盘式叶片上的三分量力和土壤仓内不同工况下的动力需求，定量评价了动力盘式分蘖的耕作特性。测试磁盘的尺寸约为商用磁盘的1/3，被认为是空心球体外壳的一部分。用L形分力梁和扭矩计分别测量了作用在单盘叶片和扭矩旋转盘上的牵伸力。动力盘蘖应提供更有效的利用能源，通过减少拖拉机轮胎打滑。一部分磁盘旋转功率返回到磁盘装置，从而发生推力效应。(2)犁铧在同一位置反转犁沟片的研究传统的犁铧反转犁沟片的横向位移。因此，翻耕后必须进行二次耕作，以使田面平整。本文介绍了一种能在同一位置反转犁沟片的新型反转犁铧。新的犁是对称构造的，有股犁头板，侧压板垂直固定在犁头板上。槽片通过模板转动，同时通过侧压板改变流动方向。一些实验室实验表明，沟片在相同位置成功反转。在实验室测量了不同土壤湿度和犁速条件下作用在小型新型犁上的三分量力。用加速度计在运动坐标的x、y、z方向上测量沟槽片的加速度分量，用变换公式计算出沟槽片的加速度。用刚性模型分析了作用在犁上的力，其中假定犁沟片为刚体。

(1) Study on a Powered Disk TillerQuantitative evalution of tillage characteristics of a powered disk tiller was made by investigating three component forces acting on a single disk blade and power requirements under various operating conditions in a soil bin.Tested disks were about 1/3 scale of a commercial disk, and were considered as being part of the shell of a hollow sphere. The draft forces acting on a single disk blade and the torque rotating disk were measured by a L shaped beam for component forces and a torque-meter respectively. A powered disk tiller should provide more efficient utilization of energy through reduction of tractor tire slippage. A part of the disk rotating power returns back to the disk device, so that the thrusting effect occurs.(2) Study on a Plow to Invert Furrow Slice at the Same PositionConventional moldboard plow inverts a furrow slice with transverse displacement. Therefore, secondary tillage must be performed after plowing to even the field surface. This paper describes a new inverting moldboard plow which inverts furrow slices at the same position.The new plow was symmetrically constructed with shares moldboards, and side pressure boards which were perpendicularly fixed to the moldboards. The furrow slices are turned by the moldboard while changing the direction of flow by the side pressure board. Some experiments in laboratry showed that the furrow slice was successfully inverted at the same position.Three component forces acting on the small scaled new plow were measured in the laboratory under various conditions of soil moisture and plowing speed.Acceleration components of the furrow slice were measured in x, y and z directions of moving coordinates by a accelerometer and the acceleration was calculated with the transformation formula which will be set up based on analyzes using a rigid scale model.The forces acting on the plow were analyzed with a rigid model in which a furrow slice was assumed to be a rigid body.