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Studies on the pancreatic D cells in the chicken.

鸡胰腺 D 细胞的研究。

基本信息

批准号：
05660343
负责人：
WATANABE Tohru
金额：
$ 1.41万
依托单位：
Nagoya University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1993
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1993 至 1994
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Somatostatin (SS) is a peptide containing 14 amino acid and isolated from the ovine hypothalamus. SS was found not only in nervous tissue but also endocrine cells. SS-28 consisting of an N-terminal extension of SS-14 is widely distributed in vertebrates. SS-14 and SS-28 may occur from the same precursor, and SS-14 is experimentally produced from the cleavage of SS-28. It may be a terminal product. The close association of SS-28 with glucagon cells, and of SS-14 with insulin cells, in the fish islets is implied. SS-28 is more potent than SS-14 in the inhibition of insulin release, but SS-14 preferentially inhibits glucagon release. The main object is immunohistochemically to elucidate whether the different forms of SS are produced in D-cells of A and B islets. Materials and Methods. Pancreas and adrenals of several species of birds and mammals were fixed with paraformaldehyde and mounted with paraplast. Serial sections 4mum in thickness were cut and performed the immunohistochemical staining by ABC method. Of six kinds of SS-antisera used, specificity of the antisera for SS-14 and SS-28 [1-28] was tested by preabsorption with SS-14 and SS-28[1-14]antigens.Results and Discussion. D-cells of islets and intestine, and A cells of adrenals in chickens stained with antisera against SS-14 and SS-28 [15-28] , but not with SS-28 [1-14]. Islet D-cells of crows, geese and ostrich also are immunoreactive for SS-14, but not for SS-28 [1-14]. Contrarity, islet D-cells of cats, serows and musk shrews immunostained for SS-14 and SS-28[1-14]. Adrenal A cells of goats and cats reacted with the antisera against SS-14 and SS-28 [1-14].Taken together, both islet D cells and adrenal A cells contain only SS-14 in the avian species. It seems likely that avian species is characteristic of somatostatin in the evolution.

生长抑素（SS）是从绵羊下丘脑中分离得到的一种含有14个氨基酸的多肽。SS不仅存在于神经组织中，也存在于内分泌细胞中。SS-28由SS-14的N-末端延伸组成，广泛分布于脊椎动物中。SS-14和SS-28可以由相同的前体产生，并且SS-14是由SS-28的裂解实验产生的。它可能是一个终端产品。SS-28与胰高血糖素细胞，SS-14与胰岛素细胞，在鱼类胰岛中的密切联系是不言而喻的。SS-28在抑制胰岛素释放方面比SS-14更有效，但SS-14优先抑制胰高血糖素释放。主要目的是通过化学方法阐明A和B胰岛的D细胞是否产生不同形式的SS。材料和方法。用多聚甲醛固定几种鸟类和哺乳动物的胰腺和肾上腺，并用paraplast固定。取4 μ m厚的连续切片，用ABC法进行免疫组化染色。用SS-14和SS-28 [1-14]抗原预吸附试验，对所用的6种SS-抗血清中SS-14和SS-28 [1-28]的特异性进行了测定。鸡的胰岛和肠的D细胞以及肾上腺的A细胞被抗SS-14和SS-28的抗血清染色[15-28]，但不被SS-28染色[1-14]。乌鸦、鹅和鸵鸟的胰岛D细胞也对SS-14具有免疫反应性，但对SS-28无免疫反应性[1-14]。对猫、serow和麝鼠的胰岛D细胞进行SS-14和SS-28免疫染色[1-14]。山羊和猫的肾上腺A细胞与SS-14和SS-28抗血清反应[1-14]。综合起来，鸟类的胰岛D细胞和肾上腺A细胞都只含有SS-14。这可能是鸟类在进化过程中生长抑素的特征。