Research of tissue remodelling in chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases

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1. With in situ hybridization, mRNA's of TNFalpha, TGFalpha, TGFbeta1 and PDGF-B were detected in bronchial epithelial cells, fibroblasts and macrophages of bronchial tissues from patients with chronic bronchitis, and mainly in eosinophils of those from asthmatics. In contrast, in control subjects, there were few cells expressing TNFalpha and PDGF-B mRNA,although a few cells were localized with TGFbeta1 mRNA.2. Semi-quantative analysis of the density of cells expressing these mRNA's showed : (1) the cell density only for PDGF-B mRNA in bronchial asthma was significantly geater than that in normal control, (2) the density for TNFalpha and TGFbeta1 mRNA in chronic bronchitis was greater than that in either asthma or normal control, and (3) the density for PDGF-B mRNA in chronic bronchitis was as great as that in asthma. These results suggest that the pattern of growth factors expressed at the site of inflammation is important to develop the specific pathophysiological condition in chronic inflammatory airway diseases such as chronic bronchitis and bronchial asthma.3. With immunohistochemistry, immunoreactive TNFalpha and PDGF-B protein was detected in bronchial epithelial cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts and macrophages of bronchial tissues from patients with chronic bronchitis and asthma, but not in bronchial tissues from normal subjects.4. Immunoreactive IL-5, IL-8 and GM-CSF protein was detected in sputum cells from patients with bronchial asthma and chronic bronchitis. The percentage of cells positive for IL-5 and GM-CSF in asthma was greater than that in chronic bronchitis, and the percentage for IL-8 in chronic bronchitis was greater than that in asthma. These results clearly indicate that the profile of cytokine expression detected in sputum cells reflects pathological features in each disease, suggesting the usefulness of sputum for analyzing cellular and molecular events in chronic airway inflammation.