Diversity of autotrophic organisms and their carbon fixation pathways at hydrothermal vent systems on the Arctic Mid-Ocean Ridge

北极大洋中脊热液喷口系统自养生物的多样性及其碳固定途径

• 批准号: 432824589
• 负责人: Dr. Achim Mall
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Department of Biology
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Fellowships
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2018-12-31 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/432824589?language=en
• 关键词: Diversity; autotrophic; organisms; their; carbon

The fixation of carbon dioxide into biomass is arguably the most fundamental biological process, and a prerequisite for life on earth. While photosynthetic organisms account for the majority of global carbon fixation via the reductive pentose phosphate cycle, marine hydrothermal vent systems have gained research attention as hot spots for life based on sunlight-independent prokaryotic carbon fixation. The steep gradients of different inorganic energy substrates at hydrothermal vents create ecological niches for diverse autotrophic organisms.An abundance of genomic data has been recovered from hydrothermal sites and uncovered an unexpected microbial diversity over the last years, but functional data regarding metabolism and activity is still scarce due to difficult sampling and culturing of microorganisms from hydrothermal vents. This discrepancy prevents an exhaustive interpretation of genomic data and limits the accuracy of metabolic models that describe these ecosystems and assess their role in the global carbon cycle. Here I propose an in-depth study of the microbial primary producers and their metabolic strategies at recently discovered hydrothermal vent fields along Arctic Mid-Ocean Ridge (AMOR), which I will carry out in cooperation with my host Prof. Ida Steen, who is a group leader at the K. G. Jebsen Centre for Deep Sea Research at the University of Bergen in Norway. I will carry out differentiated sampling of different vent sites on the AMOR, shipboard incubations simulating natural conditions, stable isotope probing, metagenomics and a detailled bioinformatic analysis in order to identify autotrophic organisms and their carbon fixation pathways, and to estimate their contribution towards primary production.This multi-angled research approach, integrating functional with omics data, allows me to draw conclusions about the factors that influence the distribution of different carbon fixation pathways in nature, and about how they are adapted to diverse ecological niches. Additionaly, it enables me to search for novel and unexpected carbon fixation strategies. This study will contribute to the ongoing efforts to establish the hydrothermal sites on the AMOR as model systems, and it is a step towards a comprehensive picture of autotrophic carbon fixation at marine hydrothermal vent systems, from enzymes to ecosystems.

二氧化碳将碳固定在生物质中可以说是最基本的生物学过程，也是地球上生命的先决条件。尽管光合生物通过还原性磷酸五磷酸五磷酸五循环占全球碳固定的大部分，但海洋热液排气系统已成为基于阳光独立的原核生物碳固定的生命的热点。水热通风孔的不同无机能底物的陡峭梯度为各种自养生生物创造了生态壁ches。从热液位点已经回收了大量的基因组数据，并在过去几年中发现了出乎意料的微生物多样性，但由于较难和培养的培训，有关代谢性和活性的功能性数据仍然存在于稀缺性上。这种差异阻止了对基因组数据的详尽解释，并限制了描述这些生态系统并评估其在全球碳循环中的作用的代谢模型的准确性。在这里，我提出了一项对微生物主要生产商及其代谢策略的深入研究，该策略最近在北极中部山脊（AMOR）沿线沿着北极中部山脊（AMOR）进行了热液，我将与我的主持人Ida Steen合作，他是K. G. Jebsen Deep Sea Research for Bergeen of Bergeen of Bergernawe的K. G. Jebsen Deep Sea Research in norway in norway in norway in norway in norther。我将在阿莫尔（Amor）上进行差异化抽样，船上孵化模拟自然条件，稳定的同位素探测，宏基因组学和确定的生物信息学分析，以识别自养生物及其碳固定途径，并估算其对初级生产的贡献。自然界中不同的碳固定途径，以及如何适应各种生态壁ni。另外，它使我能够寻找新颖和意外的碳固定策略。这项研究将有助于为建立Amor作为模型系统上的热液位点而持续的努力，这是迈向从酶到生态系统的海洋热液通风系统的自发性碳固定的一步。