Considerations of Dental Health Care gor Aged People. The effect of hyposalivation on the oral environment and masticatory efficiency.

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1). The effect of hyposalivation on the chewing time of foods and the water content of the food bolus at the time of swalloing were examined in 6 young adults. The foods selected were steamed rice, cookis, and sausage, and hyposalivation was induced by taking 0,5mg of atropine sulfate. The volume of saliva was determined by subtractiong the initial weight of the food from that of the food bolus after the subjects had chewd it normally and then spat it into a weighed container, without swallowing. The salivary flow rate 60 min after taking atropine sulfate decreased about 50% of that of the normal flow rate. The chewing times per mouthful of food were significantly longer (by 43-60%) when the salivary flow rate was decreased than when flow rate was normal.but there were no significant difference in the water contents of each food bolus after chewing. It is concluded that salivary flow rate is an important component of masticatory efficiency.2). To examine the effect of hyposalivation on plaque accumlation, ten adult males were requested to refrain from all oral hygine procedures for 48 hours and to eat the same meals, snacks and drinks during that time. Plaque score after 48 hours was calculated with the modified Volpe's method. The total plaque score with and without atropine was higher on the buccal than the lingual surfaces and on the upper teeth than on the lower teeth. When salivary flow rate was decreased, the total plaque score was significantly higher than when flow rate was normal. These results suggest that a reduced salivary flow rate may promote plaque accumulation on the teeth.