A Comparative Study of Realizing Conditions and Regional Responses of a Large Scale Water Diversion Project

根据我们对都赞河和吉野河实现调水条件的研究成果，我们澄清了以下五点：(1)由于这两个地区都存在缺水问题，从江户时代就开始规划调水工程。然而，由于下游人民的反对，水权问题一直没有实现。(2)第二次世界大战后，引水工程终于实现，通过修建一座多用途大坝，减少了他们的费用，并由政府负责水资源管理，调整了工程，使下游人民得到更多的优惠。(3)吉野河的引水与斗赞河的引水在两个方面不同：为了保证Kii平原的农业用水，修建了三个水坝；使大坝建设成为可能的是一项改变生活的补偿计划，其中包括：一般补偿、新村建设和现有村庄的维护。(5)吉野河、多赞河引水后，通过增加供水，改善了传统的农业灌溉系统。然而，在多赞河的情况下，调水加强了造纸/纸浆工业的发展，导致了空气和水污染等环境退化。

As the results of our research on realizing conditions of water diversions for Dozan River and Yoshino River, we have clarified the following five points.(1) Since there was a problem of water shortage in both areas, water diversion projects were planned since Edo period. However, they were never realized because of opposition by people of lower river area, having troubles with water rights.(2) Water diversion project was finally realized after the World WarII,adjusting the project to give more preference to people of lower river area by constructing a multi-purpose dam, reducing their expense and having the government be responsible for water management.(3) The water diversion of Yoshino River is different from the one of Dozan River in two ways : three dams were constructed in order to maintain agricultural water for Kii plain ; water facilities were integrated.(4) What made dam construction possible was a life-changing compensation program which includes : general compensation, development of new villages and maintanance of existing villages. This type of program was successful in construction of Yanase dam and Tsuburo dam.(5) After Yoshino and Dozan Rivers'water diversion, the traditional agricultural irrigation system was improved by increasing the supply of water in the areas. However, in case of Dozan River, the water diversion reinforced a growth of paper/pulp industries which lead to such environmental decay as air and water pollution.