A Study of Water-use Development and Adjustment in the Most Concentrated Areas of Farm Ponds

本研究的目的是以日本农业池塘最集中的兵库县板州平原的明治大后山田运河和鸟板灌溉工程为例，确定实现跨区域调水的条件。关于大后山田川的调水、下游地区的水权，如作为水源措施的磨坊补偿和灌溉年限的限制，除了技术和资金外，是实现的决定性因素。认为鸟板灌溉工程的实现是由作为水源措施的加古川堰和对栋岛大坝的水库补偿决定的。换句话说，该项目包括通过将五开堰和宇和兵卫堰整合到加古川大堰，将它们的取水量从25 m^3/s调节到8 m^3/s。但是，只有在现代技术、政府对现有工程的费用补助和运河改善的补偿工作的情况下，两堰的协会才能同意该项目。总之，如果制定一系列有关用水的规定，以协调水权的实际利弊，跨区域调水是可能实现的。

The aim of this study is to define the condition of realizing the interregional water transfer in the case of the Ohgo-Yamada canals in Meiji and Toban Irrigation Project in the Banshu Plain, Hyogo Prefecture, the most concentrated area of farm ponds in Japan.The result follows:Regarding the water transfer from the Ohgo-Yamada River, water right of the lower stream area, such as mill compensation as source measure and restriction of the irrigation term, besides techniques and capital, was a determining factor for its realization.The realiztion of the Toban Irrigation Project is considered to have been determined by the Kakogawa weir as source measure and the reservoir compensation for the Dondo Dam. In other words, this Project consisted in regulating the drawing water quantity of both Gokai and Uwabei weirs from 25 m^3/s to 8 m^3/s by integrating them at the Kakogawa Large Weir. But the associations of both weirs could only agree to the Project When modern techniques, governmental aids to expenses to the present works and compensation works for canal improvement.To conclude, interregional water transfer may be realized if a series of water-use regulations concerned are planned to reconcile the actual advantages and disadvantages regarding water right.