Study on Summer Type Internal Dew Condensation in Wall of Thermal Insulated and Air-Tight House

近来，在日本的季节性炎热和潮湿地区建造隔热和气密房屋。但雨季过后，房屋框架或保温材料中的含水量百分比增加，因此，在夏季降温过程中，墙体内部可能会产生结露现象，从而对墙体的性能产生不利影响。在第一年的问卷调查的基础上，我们测量了福冈县15所住宅的室内空气温度-湿度，空调电能消耗，内部结露的存在及其损害，其中包括3所传统的独立式住宅，4所传统的公寓住宅，4所隔热的独立式住宅和4所隔热的公寓住宅。我们还测量了气密性 关于我们 根据建筑结构和建筑元素，福冈县和山口县的6栋独立式住宅的建筑质量。本文对计算模型进行了改进，并结合数值模拟结果，为季节性湿热地区墙体的热工设计提供了一个合适的指导原则。得到的主要结果如下。(1)从问卷调查来看，保温公寓的损坏情况较多。(2)居住在隔热房屋中的人们对遮阳和交叉通风的兴趣不大，对空调的依赖性很大。(3)外保温结构的气密性最好，其次是板式结构，第三是框架结构，最后是常规结构。特别是，气密性表明在框架或传统方法中，根据施工水平的分布很广。(4)在24小时空调的情况下，最合适的隔热材料（玻璃棉10 K）的厚度为24 cm，最合适的气密性为2.1 cm^2/m^2，作为札幌每层面积的等效泄漏面积。然而，在福冈需要14 cm和4 cm ^2/m^2。在间歇式空调的情况下，在福冈需要3.5 cm ^2/m^2和7.8 cm ^2/m^2。(5)需要在外部装饰材料的背面上保持通风层，并且在通风层的内部保持蒸汽传输片，并且不需要在内部装饰材料的背面上具有蒸汽传输片。少

Recently, thermal insulated and air-tight houses are built in seasonal hot and humid areas of Japan. But a percentage of water content in the house frame or the thermal insulating material increases after the rainy season, so there is probability that an internal dew condensation is induced in the wall in a cooling time during summer season and deteriorates the wall.A purpose of this study is that a guidance for a design of the wall constitution and a prevention method for the internal dew condensation are suggested about the insulated and air-tight house in seasonal hot and humid area.Based on a questionnaire for the first year, we measured indoor air temperature-humidity, electrical energy consumption for air-conditioning, the existance of internal dew condensation and its damage of 15 houses, which consisted of 3 conventional detached houses, 4 conventional apartment houses, 4 insulated detached houses and 4 insulated apartment houses in Fukuoka Prefecture. We also measured air-tigh … More tness of 6 detached houses in both Fukuoka and Yamaguchi Prefecture according to building construction and building element. We made some improvements on a calculation model and examined a suitable guideline for the thermal design of walls in seasonal hot-humid area by using these results and numerical simulations. The main results obtained are as follows.(1) According to the questionnaire, there are more damages in insulated apartment houses.(2) People living in the insulated houses have less interest in solar shading and cross-ventilation, and have much dependence on air-conditioning.(3) Air-tightness is the most effective in the outside insulated construction, the second is in the panel construction, the third is the frame construction, the last is the conventional one. Especially, air-tightness indicates a wide scatter in the frame or conventional method by level of construction.(4) In case of 24 hours air-conditioning, the most suitable thickness of the thermal insulating material (glass wool 10 K) is 24 cm and the most suitable air-tightness is 2.1cm^2/m^2 as an equivalent leakage area per floor area in Sapporo. However, it takes 14 cm and 4 cm^2/m^2 in Fukuoka. In case of intermittent air-conditioning, it takes 3.5 cm and 7.8cm^2/m^2 in Fukuoka.(5) It needs to keep a vent layr on a back of the exterior finish material and a vapor transmission sheet inside of the vent layr, and does not need to have the vapor transmission sheet on a back of the interior finish material. Less