The phylogenetical relationships of four species in the family Hynobiidae from Sichuan and its neighborhood, China.

对四川及其邻近地区4种中国蝾螈的系统发育进行了细胞遗传学和分子遗传学研究。对四川峨眉山产的平氏山蛙、湖北利川产的黄斑拟小鲵、陕西邹志产的秦巴拟小鲵和四川巫山产的石氏毛茛进行了细胞遗传学和分子遗传学研究，并将其运送到日本东邦大学，通过常规Giemsa染色和C带核型分析，这清楚地揭示了石氏杜鹃与秦巴杜鹃在遗传上的亲缘关系非常近。因为这两个物种的核型几乎相同。在遗传学上，黄斑拟杆菌与石氏拟杆菌和秦巴拟杆菌的亲缘关系远比平丘拟杆菌近。由于黄斑拟杆菌的同源染色体部分占全基因组染色体的比例大于平氏B.pinchonii，因此，提取基因组DNA，用限制性内切酶Dra I和Scr F1处理后，进行电泳。然后分别以志贺红球藻和黄斑拟青霉0.39和0.38kb的DNA片段为探针进行Southern杂交。在分析了基因组DNA的电泳图谱和Southern印迹杂交图谱后，支持了细胞遗传学分析的系统发育关系的结果。

Cytogenetic and molecular genetic studies about the phylogenetic relationships of four Chinese salamanders in Sichuan and its neighborhood were performed. Specimens of Batrachuperus pinchonii, from Omei mountain, Sichuan, Pseudohynobius flavomaculatus from Lichuan, Hubei, Pseudohynobius tsinpaensis from Zouzhi, Shensi, and Ranodon shihi from Wushan, Sichuan were done with some pretreatment for cytogenetic and molecular genetic studies in Sichuan, and were transported to Toho university in Japan.From the analysis or the conventional Giemsa stained and the C-banded karyotypes, it was revealed clearly that the relationship of R.shihi and P.tsinpaensis is phylogenetically very close. Because the karyotypes of the two species are almost the same. P.flavomaculatus is phylogenetically considerably closer to R.shihi and P.tsinpaensis than B.pinchonii. Because the ratio of the homeologous chromosome parts to whole genomic chromosomes of P.flavomaculatus is more than that of B.pinchonii.After the isolation of genomic DNA and treatment with restriction endonuclease (Dra I and Scr F1), the electrophoresis was performed. After that, the Southern blot hybridization was also performed with 0.39 and 0.38 kb DNA fragments from R.shihi and P.flavomaculatus, respectively, as probes. After analyzes of the electrophoretic patterns of genomic DNAs and of the Southern blot hybridization patterns, the results of phylogenetic relationships from the cytogenetic analyzes were supported.