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地域防災に対する学校の役割と防災教育の教材開発に関する研究

学校在地方防灾中的作用及防灾教育教材开发研究

基本信息

批准号：
14658069
负责人：
高橋治郎
金额：
$ 2.11万
依托单位：
Ehime University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Exploratory Research
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2003
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14658069/
关键词：
地域防災防災教育地震災害学校児童とストレス教材開発

项目摘要

平成13年3月24日に発生した「芸予地震」によって大きな被害を受け、近くの学校を借りて学校生活を約1年間おくった松山市立湯築小学校と校舎を提供した松山市立東雲小学校の児童・保護者・教職員の身体的、精神的ストレスや生活状況調査と地震による通学路の被害状況調査を実施した。さらに、「阪神・淡路大震災」後における学校の役割と問題点について神戸市の教師からの聞き取り調査や各地の避難場所・避難所と通学路・避難路および学校の役割調査、学校校舎の耐震診断と耐震補強実施状況調査をおこなった。調査の結果、「芸子地震」による被害が大きくなかったことが幸いして、児童や保護者に目立ったストレス症状はみられなかった。しかし、通学距離の延びた湯築小学校児童は、当然のことながら「朝、しんどくなる回数は増えた」や「身体がだるいと思う回数は増えた」と回答する割合が多かった。また、両校の児童とも「遊び場が狭くなった」と不満を持つ者の割合が多かった。こうした点に関し、両校の教職員と保護者が自校の伝統を守りつつ協力しあい、児童のストレスを緩和させる指導・教育をおこなった。その結果、「思いやり」や「助け合う」、「感謝の気持ち」の大切さが理解され、両校の児童にとって「友達が増え」、楽しく、思い出深い学校生活となった。一方、時間の経過とともに「地震への関心」が薄れ、学校の耐震診断すらほとんどおこなわれておらず、食料品や水などの備蓄、避難路(通学路)の整備が非常に遅れている。学校は児童・生徒にとって安全な場所でなくてはならない。また、学校は災害時の避難場所・避難所となる場所でもある。災害や防犯に配慮した建物整備と防災教育の充実が急がれる。

The school life of Matsuyama City Yuchiku Elementary School was established on March 24, 2013 to provide physical and mental support for children, teachers and staff of Matsuyama City Dongyun Elementary School. In the aftermath of the Hanshin/Tamji earthquake, schools were damaged and problems were identified. Teachers in Kobe City were asked to take information about the situation. Shelters, school roads, evacuation roads, schools were investigated. Earthquake diagnosis and earthquake reinforcement of schools were investigated. The results of the investigation,"Yunzi earthquake", the victims of the disaster, the children of the protection of the eyes, the symptoms of the disaster. The children of the elementary school are divided into two groups: the first group is divided into three groups: the first group is divided into three groups: the second group is divided into three groups: the third group is divided into three groups: the fourth group is divided into four groups: the fourth group is divided into three groups: the fourth group is divided into four groups: the fourth group is divided into three groups: the fourth group is divided into four groups: the fourth group is divided into three groups: the fourth group is divided into four groups: the fourth group is divided into three groups: the fourth group is divided into three groups: the fourth group is divided into four groups: the fourth group is divided into three groups: the fourth group is divided into four groups: the fourth group is divided into three groups: the fourth group is The children of the school are divided into two parts: "The field is narrow and the field is narrow" and "The field is narrow and the field is narrow." The school staff and the guardian cooperate with each other to guide and educate the children. The result,"think","help","thank you for holding everything", and the great understanding,"school children","friends","happy," think deeply about school life ". On the one hand, the passage of time has made "earthquake care" extremely difficult, the school's earthquake-resistant diagnosis has become increasingly difficult, the storage of food and water, and the preparation of evacuation roads (access roads) have become extremely important. The school is a safe place for children and studentsまた、学校は灾害时の避难场所·避难所となる场所でもある。Disaster prevention, building preparation and disaster prevention education are urgently needed.