Archaeological Studies on a Bronze-casting Workshop in Gerasa (Jordan) in the Light of the Development of Metal Processing Technology during the Roman Impe-rial Era

法国人在杰奎斯·塞涅（Jaques Seigne）的领导下，在杰拉萨宙斯神庙的高原上进行了挖掘，发现了一个雕像青铜铸造车间的部分。它的占领时间是在第二世纪中期，并被视为与巨大的宙斯神庙的建设。冶炼设施的遗迹证明了一种新技术，模具碎片表明铸造了比真人更大的雕像。这个作坊的中心位于现在淹没在水下的北方cryptoporticus，也就是它的西部。计划在两次战役中揭开这个门廊。该作坊是我们所知的第一个保存如此详细的罗马时期的此类建筑群。我们知道在这样一个铸造厂中发生的不同作品，因此能够专门寻找特定的功能。由于我们长期的研究，我们对从古代到希腊化晚期的希腊作坊的技术了如指掌，我们可以在此基础上阐述罗马技术的差异。因此，迄今为止存在的发现，从罗马时间显示在一个新的光。这似乎是特别重要的，因为到目前为止，流行的观点是，罗马人不是很创新，特别是关于青铜艺术。在寻求改变参数的技术应用，数字计算将发挥作用，因为它已经在恢复希腊铸造技术是有用的。与铸造师、考古学家和考古学家的合作已经达成一致。与此同时，以前发现的发现将被重新评估。例如，有一个问题，即改造后的大型铸模的通风是如何完成的。借助铸模碎片的数字化图片，应使用适当的程序来尝试并得出关于铸造雕像大小的结论，并可能找到关于其外观的提示。由于罗马雕像的第二世纪是强烈的义务，以特定的类型，有机会为新的见解。Jaques Seigne将介绍他的成果和先前挖掘的文件到该项目中，以及托马斯韦伯将带来他的经验与恢复工作的模具碎片。该项目为在罗马帝国东部获得罗马青铜铸造技术的新见解提供了很大的机会。

The French excavations on the plateau of the temple of Zeus in Gerasa , led by Jaques Seigne, have uncovered parts of a workshop for statuary bronze-casting. lts time of occupation lies in the middle of the second century and is to be seen in connection with the construction of the huge temple of Zeus. Remains of the smelting installations testify to a new technology, mould fragments point to the casting of larger-than-life statues. The centre of this workshop lay in the now submerged northern cryptoporticus, namely in its westernpart. lt is planned to uncover this porticus during two campaigns. The workshop is the first complex of this kind from Roman time that we know which is preserved in such detail. We know about the different works that took place in such a foundry and are therefore able tospecifically look for particular features. Since, due to our lang lasting research, we are well informed about the technology in Greek workshops from archaic time until late Hellenism , we can elaborate the differences in Roman technology on this basis. Thus the hitherto existing findings from Roman time are shown in a new light. This seems of particular importance since up to now the popular opinion is, that the Romans were not very innovative, especially concerning bronze art. In the search for changing parameters in the technology applied, the numeric calculation will play a role, as it already has been useful in recovering the Greek casting technique. The cooperation with casters, metallurgists and archaeometrists is already agreed on.Parallel to this the previously uncovered findings shall be newly evaluated. There is, for example, the question of how the ventilation of the reconstructed big casting moulds was accomplished. With the help of digitalized pictures of the casting mould fragments, suitable programs shall be used to try and make conclusions about the size of the cast statues and maybe to find hints on their looks. Since Roman statues of the 2nd century are strongly obligated to specific types, there is the chance for new insights. Jaques Seigne will introduce his results and the documentation of the previous excavation into the project as well as Thomas Weber will bring in his experience with the restauration work on the mould fragments. This project yields a big chance of gaining new insights in Roman bronze-casting technology in the east of the Roman Empire.