Measuring the Unmeasurable. Trust, validation, and the social organization of simulation modeling

测量不可测量的事物。

• 批准号: 435350290
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Johannes Lenhard
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Lehrstuhl für Thermodynamik (LTD)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2018-12-31 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/435350290?language=en
• 关键词: Measuring; Unmeasurable.; Trust; validation; social

Computer simulation has become a standard instrument in science and engineering. Simulation models help to fit theories into concrete contexts of application. These models are famous for their adjustability and can accommodate large amounts of data. The most interesting cases are those in which simulations do not merely reproduce known data or phenomena but advance into the empirically unknown where data for comparison are not available. There are even many cases in which experimental evidence cannot be obtained, but models can be used for predictions. Then, simulation is used for “measuring the unmeasurable.” Starting from this observation, the main research questions are how simulation models are validated and how trust in them is created, maintained, and justified. The project addresses these questions in an empirical (about actual practices) and a normative sense (about justification). It is structured by three interconnected dimensions: epistemology, methodology, and institutional organization. The project leaves beaten pathways because it examines cases from the engineering sciences where models have to perform in given (not idealized) contexts and because it embeds philosophical research in science and engineering.

计算机模拟已成为科学和工程中的标准工具。仿真模型有助于将理论融入具体的应用环境。这些模型以其可调节性而闻名，可以容纳大量的数据。最有趣的情况是，模拟不仅再现已知的数据或现象，而且还进入了无法获得比较数据的经验未知领域。甚至有许多情况下，无法获得实验证据，但可以使用模型进行预测。然后，模拟被用于“测量不可测量的”。从这个观察开始，主要的研究问题是如何验证仿真模型，以及如何创建，维护和证明对它们的信任。该项目从经验（关于实际做法）和规范意义（关于正当性）两个方面解决这些问题。它由三个相互关联的维度构成：认识论、方法论和制度组织。该项目留下了被击败的途径，因为它检查了工程科学中的案例，其中模型必须在给定的（非理想化的）背景下执行，并且因为它将哲学研究嵌入科学和工程中。