GRK 2670: Beyond Amphiphilicity: Self-Organization of Soft Matter Via Multiple Noncovalent Interactions

两亲性是一个完善的定性概念，有助于理解水系统中由两个固有不相容单元（亲疏水和亲疏水）组成的分子的自组装过程。多亲分子是更复杂的分子，从小分子到大分子，具有至少两种相互作用的相互作用模式，其中一种基于两亲性。自组装软物质系统通过其分子成分与环境、溶剂、生物分子、膜和表面的非共价相互作用模式获得其复杂性。通过这个RTG，我们的目标是建立一个研究和培训联盟，利用大量分散的非共价相互作用的知识和工作，进一步发展以多亲软物质通过多种非共价相互作用的动态结构为中心的研究培训。相关的自组装在皮到微秒尺度上是动态的，但往往在宏观的长度尺度和时间尺度上占主导地位。这转化为在动态存在的多个长度尺度上创建秩序。我们希望推进对分子系统复杂性出现的理解，从长远来看，我们的目标是揭示纳米结构材料的设计原则或生物系统中自组装的各个方面。所有被研究的系统都处于或接近热力学平衡，或至少处于长寿命的亚稳态。从培养学生的角度来看，将软物质复杂结构的研究建立在两亲性这一常用而看似简单的概念之上，是非常具有说明性的。然后，我们通过扩展交互模式来理解并最终设计软物质中的复杂性，从而超越双亲性作为一个概念。这个RTG结合了模拟，设计和合成，表征和理解新材料及其性能的现有能力。RTG的研究和教育理念超越了化学学科的经典划分，并将为博士研究人员提供结合现代化学，物理和数学方法的许多方面的优秀和广泛的教育。RTG的教育项目将通过科学培训、专业培训和战略研究培训的独特结合，使其博士研究人员成为学术界和工业界的合格科学家。

Amphiphilicity is a well-established qualitative concept contributing to the understanding of selfassembly processes of molecules composed of two inherently incompatible units (hydrophilic and hydrophobic) in aqueous systems. Polyphilic molecules are more complex molecules, from small molecules to macromolecules, that have interaction patterns with at least two types of interactions, one of them based on amphiphilicity. Self-assembled soft matter systems attain their complexity through noncovalent interaction patterns of their molecular constituents with their environment, solvents, biomolecules, membranes, and surfaces. With this RTG, we aim at a research and training consortium that takes the vast and scattered knowledge and work on noncovalent interactions further to develop a research training that centers on dynamic structuring of polyphilic soft matter through multiple non-covalent interactions. The relevant self-assembly is dynamic on the pico- to microsecond scale but may often dominate the macroscopic length scale and time scales. This translates into the creation of order on multiple length scales in the presence of dynamics. We want to advance the understanding of the emergence of complexity in molecular systems, in the long run we aim at uncovering design principles for nanostructured materials or aspects of self-assembly in biological systems. All studied systems are in or close to thermodynamic equilibrium or at least in long-lived metastable states. From the training perspective for our students, it is highly illustrative to build research on complex structuring on soft matter on the often-used and seemingly simple concept of amphiphilicity. We then go beyond amphphilicity as a concept by extending the interaction patterns to understand and finally design complexity in soft matter. This RTG combines existing competencies in simulation, design and synthesis, characterization and understanding of new materials and their properties. The research and educational concepts of the RTG go beyond the classical division into disciplines of chemistry and will offer doctoral researchers an excellent and broad education combining many facets of modern chemical, physical and mathematical methods. The RTG’s educational program will empower its doctoral researchers to become well-qualified scientists in academia and industry alike – with a unique combination of scientific training, professional training and strategic research training elements.