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Studies on Improvement of Combustion with an Accumulation-Type Fuel Injection System

蓄积式燃油喷射系统改善燃烧的研究

基本信息

批准号：
59460090
负责人：
WAKURI Yutaro
金额：
$ 4.8万
依托单位：
Kyushu Univ.
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1984
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1984 至 1986
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-59460090/
关键词：
Internal Combustion Engine Fuel Injection Accumulation-Type Fuel Injection System Single Compression Machine Swirl Ignition Delay Fuel Spray 微粒化特性

项目摘要

In the present studies, a new accumulation-type fuel injection system was developed to control the injection pressure independently of engine speed. The injection characteristics and the effects on combustion characteristics in a direct-injection type diesel engine were investigated and the following were made clear.(1) The accumulation-type fuel injection system could be applied for relatively small-sized, high-speed diesel engines by controlling injection beginning and end with different valves.(2) It was possible to control the fuel quantity injected with almost same way as Bosch type injection system by using the plunger helix for injection end control.(3) It was possible to predict the pressure fluctuations in that system, using the similar calculation method as Bosch type injection systems.(4) Application of the new system for a test engine verified that exhaust smoke density could be sharply reduced by keeping high injection pressure even at low engine speed, and specific fuel consumption at retarded injection timing could be also improved.Moreover combustion tests and photographic observations were carried out to clarify the effect of injection pressure on the combustion characteristics of fuel spray. From the series of tests, the influences of the fuel injection pressure, the surrounding air pressure, the temperature and the swirl flow on the ignition delay were charified. And the factors affecting a period of initial stage of spray combustion were shown by introducing a new coefficient of heat release rate of spray combustion.

在本研究中，开发了一种新的蓄能式燃油喷射系统，该系统可以独立于发动机转速控制喷射压力。研究了直喷式柴油机的喷射特性及其对燃烧特性的影响。(1)蓄能式燃油喷射系统通过不同的气门控制喷射的开始和结束，可以应用于相对小型的高速柴油机。(2)采用柱塞螺旋控制喷射端，可以实现与博世式喷射系统几乎相同的喷油量控制。(3)采用与Bosch型喷射系统相似的计算方法，可以预测该系统的压力波动。(4)该系统在某试验发动机上的应用验证了在发动机低转速下保持高喷射压力可显著降低排气烟密度，并可提高延迟喷射时的比油耗。此外，还进行了燃烧试验和摄影观察，以阐明喷射压力对燃油喷雾燃烧特性的影响。通过一系列试验，验证了喷油压力、周围空气压力、温度和涡流对点火延迟的影响。通过引入新的喷雾燃烧放热率系数，揭示了影响喷雾燃烧初始阶段一段时间的因素。