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On the chemical structure and plant growth-promotion effects of environmental humic acids.

环境腐植酸的化学结构及促植物生长作用。

基本信息

批准号：
60470124
负责人：
YONEBAYASHI Koyo
金额：
$ 1.92万
依托单位：
Kyoto Prefectural University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1985
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1985 至 1987
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-60470124/
关键词：
Humic acid Syructural analysis ^1H-NMR Number-average molecular weight Surface activity Plant growth promotion 植物生育促進効果 Mg吸収能【^1H】-NMR 植物生育促進作用

项目摘要

Forth humic acid samples were extracted from various types of soils, including aquatic sediment. Each source of humic acid was analysed for elemental conpositions and contents of carboxyl, low pka carboxyl, carbonyl, phenolic and alcoholic hydroxyl groups. From the visible and ^1H-NMR spectra of various types of humic acids, optical properties and proton compositions (aromatic, methoxyl, lactone, aliphatic-<alpha>, -<beta>, -<gamma>) were compared.Factor analysis clarified that the humic acid was first characterized by the contents of aliphatic chains and nitrogenous components, followed by functional groups contents and optical properties. Soil groups of the source of humic acids could be judged by discriminant analysis on the above characteristics.Structural analysis developed in coal chemistry was modified to apply to humic acids. Average molecular structure parameters (f_a H_<au>/C_a, <sigma>, n) were calculated from elemental composition, functional groups composition and proton composition. The higher the humification digrees were, the larger the condensation degrees were and the shorter the side chain lengths were.Number-average molecular weight of well humified humic acids were lower than low humified ones. Surface tension of humic acids solution were measured. High molecular weight fraction and the humic acids holding high number-average molecular weight exhibit high surface activity.To test the effect of humic acids on plant growth, rice was cultivated in water aculture containing nutrients. Ion uptake was estimated by the analysis of exudate and plant tops. The uptake of magnesium was enhanced by humic acids. Most effective humic acid was extracted from Entisol and characterized by the followings; low condensation of aromatic rings, long side chain, high number-average molecular weight and high surface activity.

第四，从各种类型的土壤中提取胡敏酸样品，包括水生沉积物。每种来源的腐殖酸的元素组成和含量的羧基，低pka羧基，羰基，酚和醇羟基基团进行了分析。从可见光谱和~ 1H-NMR谱中比较了不同类型胡敏酸的光学性质和质子组成（芳香族、甲氧基、内酯、脂肪族-<alpha>、-、<beta>-<gamma>），并通过因子分析阐明了胡敏酸的特征首先是脂肪链和含氮组分的含量，其次是官能团含量和光学性质。根据上述特征进行判别分析，可以判断胡敏酸来源的土壤类群，并将煤化学中的结构分析方法应用于胡敏酸。从元素组成、官能团组成和质子组成计算了分子的平均结构参数（faH_<au>/C_a<sigma>，n）。腐殖化程度越高，腐殖酸的缩合度越大，侧链越短，腐殖化程度高的腐殖酸的数均分子量低于腐殖化程度低的腐殖酸。测定了腐殖酸溶液的表面张力。高分子量组分和数均分子量高的腐殖酸具有较高的表面活性，为了测试腐殖酸对植物生长的影响，将水稻置于含有养分的水槽中培养。离子吸收估计通过分析渗出液和植物顶部。腐殖酸对镁的吸收有促进作用。从腐殖土中提取的腐殖酸具有芳香环缩合度低、侧链长、数均分子量大、表面活性高等特点。