Social Adaptation of AINU People: A Social Research in SHIZUNAI Town and URAKAWA Town

一百多年来，在北海道的一项区域发展计划下，UTARI(阿伊努人)被迫陷入困境。通过对UKAKAWA、BIRATORI和HBETTU三个城镇的社会研究，我们发现每个UTARI社区都有一个特定的适应过程的历史，并在社会结构和生活结构方面表现出独特的变化。可以说，UTARI人与WAJIN人最初接触的方式决定了他们今天的生活。我们发现，在Urakawa镇保存着他们传统文化的Ainu人存在着一些偏见和歧视。最重要的是，他们最明显地出现在社区的学校生活中，这对阿伊努的孩子的社会化是不可或缺的。Urakawa的UTARI强烈希望他们世世代代保留自己的传统文化。但他们的心理有些矛盾。在拥有自己的文化的同时，他们渴望接受现代文明的生活方式，提高自己的生活水平。这一主题从教育、历史和文化的角度进行了结构化的探讨。

For over a hundred years, the UTARI (AINU people) were forced to fall on hard times under a regional development program in HOKKAIDO. By means of the social researches at UKAKAWA, BIRATORI, and HOBETSU Towns, we found out that each UTARI community has a particular history concerning adaptational process, and shows a peculiar variation on the aspect of social and living structures. It may be said that the ways of interaction in which the UTARI people first made contact with the WAJIN people have decided their lives today.We found out that there are some prejudice and discrimination against AINU-people who have preserved their traditional culture in URAKAWA town. It is important that they were most manifestly found in the school life in the community which is indispensable for socialization of AINU's children.The UTARI of URAKAWA are strongly hoping that they preserve for themselves their traditional culture from generation to generation. But their psychology is somewhat ambivalent. Holding their culture, they desire, at the same time, to take in the modern civilized ways of life and improve their standards of living. The subject was structurally approached in educational, historical, and cultural perspectives.