Qualitative analysis of ultrasonic diagnosis using image processing (Developement and application of real-time image processing)

应用CT计算机系统，对颌面颈部正常结构和病变结构在不同扫描方向上的回波图像进行定量和定性评价。这些图像被记录在录像带上并数字化。对超声动态图像中一些感兴趣的静态图像的回波衰减和回波分布进行了直方图分析。显示临床病例直方图中感兴趣区的回声强度分布。用均值、模式值、偏度和峰度评价直方图的形状。结果如下：1)利用回声模体，感兴趣区的回声强度衰减随回波束焦点外深度的增加而逐渐增大，且似随同一结构内密度的不同而变化。2)临床病例中，正常涎腺和涎腺炎的衰减特征曲线逐渐减小。炎症性腺瘤(涎腺炎)的回声强度分布与正常组相比有显著差异。5)转移性淋巴结的偏斜度较高。6)脂肪瘤的峰度低于其他病变。7)恶性淋巴瘤的平均回声强度、模式和平均位置低于其他病变。利用CT计算机系统进行直方图分析比使用其他设备更方便。结论：病理结构的回声直方图分析有助于制定影像诊断标准。

Using CT computer system, quantitative and qualitative estimations for the echo images of normal and pathological structures in the maxillo-facial and neck regions were carried out in various scanning directions. The images were recorded on videotape and digitized. The analysis of some interested static images in the ultrasonic dynamic views was attemped on the echo-attenuation and the echo-distribution with histogram. The distribution of echo intensity in region of interest in histogram of the clinical cases was displayed. The shape of the histogram was evaluated using the mean value, the mode value, the skewness and the kurtosis. The results were as follows.1)Utilizing the echo-phantoms, the attenuation of echo intensity in regions of interest was gradually increas ed with depth out of the focus of echo-beam and seemed to be variated with the difference of density in the same structure.2)In clinical cases, the attenuated characteristic curve was gradually decreased in normal salivary glands and sialoadenitis, increased in pleomorphic adenoma.3)The echo intensity was higher in pleomorphic adenoma in the other lesions.4)Distribution of the echo intensity of inflammatory group(sialoadenitis) showed significant difference as compared with normal group.5)The value of skewness was higher in metastatic lymph-node.6)The value of kurtosis was lower in lipoma than in the other lesions.7)In malignant lymphoma, the mean, the mode and the mean position was lower than in the other lesions.Utilization of CT computer system would be more convenient in the histogram analysis than the use of other devices. We concluded that the echo-histogram analysis of the pathological structures was useful in making the criteria of image diagnosis.