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Production of chromosomal vector by remodelling B chromosome of crop.

通过重塑作物B染色体生产染色体载体。

基本信息

批准号：
61480032
负责人：
YASUMURA Yoshimasa
金额：
$ 4.16万
依托单位：
Tottori University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1986
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1986 至 1988
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The aim of this study is to produce a new tiny chromosome combined the feature of preferential nondisjunction of the B chromosome and an aimed useful gene of a normal chromosome of wheat or rye, and to examine the feasibility of the use of the rye B chromosome for gene duplication and alien gene introduction in wheat and rye.In order to produce the translocations in homokaryotypic state between the rye B and an A chromosome of wheat or rye, ployhaploid Fls (2n=28+2Bs=30) of common wheat with inbred rye lines were treated firstly with X-rays at the seed stage and secondly with colchicine at the 2-3 tiller stage.The breaked chromosome distribution in root tip cells of the F1(X1) fixed at 48 and 72h after sowing fitted the negative binomial distribution suggesting different probabilities among chromosomes in occurring of chromosome breaks and elimination. 15 translocations including 2 B-A were found in 7 root tip cells of the F1(X1) and so far 44 translocations including B-A in homokaryotypic state were identified in 65 F2(X2C2) lines. These results indicate that a trial of producing the B-A translocations having both a preferential nondisjunction of the B and A useful gene of an A would finally give a positive result.

本研究的目的是结合小麦或黑麦正常染色体的B染色体优先不分离的特点和目标有用基因，制备一条新的微小染色体，并探讨利用黑麦B染色体在小麦和黑麦中进行基因复制和外源基因导入的可行性。为了使黑麦B染色体与小麦或黑麦A染色体在同核型状态下发生易位，对普通小麦与黑麦自交系的多倍体Fls （2n=28+2Bs=30）在种期先进行x射线处理，在2-3分蘖期再进行秋水仙碱处理。播种后48和72h固定的F1（X1）根尖细胞中染色体断裂分布符合负二项分布，说明染色体断裂发生和消除的概率不同。在F1（X1）的7个根尖细胞中发现了15个包括2个B-A的易位，在65个F2（X2C2）的根尖细胞中发现了44个包括B-A的同核型易位。这些结果表明，同时具有B的优先不分离性和a的有用基因的B- a易位试验最终会得到积极的结果。