The improvement of mineral soil by super deep plowing and its influence on the yield

1987年，我们在丰桥县爱知县建立了三个试验田：1)1.5米超深犁田，2)1.0米深犁田，3)常规小区，进行了动力触探试验、静力触探试验以及土体硬度试验。结果表明，在超深耕和深耕小区中，测定值与常规小区相比极低。PF-土壤水分曲线的测定和土壤三相分布的测定也表明，深耕使大孔气比增大，固比降低。这一影响也出现在贯入试验的结果上，即超深耕小区深耕渗漏的数值极大增加。颗粒测试结果表明，与常规耕作小区的多层化不同，1.0m和1.5m深耕小区各层土壤颗粒组成均一。此外，一致性测试显示，虽然…在常规小区中，液限和塑限随深度的变化而变化，与粒度分布的分层相对应，而1.5m深耕区的液限和塑限变化较小。从土壤化学性质的角度来看，虽然深耕处理后土壤中多种有效成分的种类非常不均匀，但随着时间的推移，液限和塑限随着地层的推移而逐渐趋于平衡。这一点在超深耕小区中尤为显著。在超深耕小区中，在90-100 cm范围内出现多种有效成分的高密度分布格局。1988-1989年甘蓝产量试验结果表明，产量由大到小依次为：1)超深耕-1.5米；2)深耕-1米；3)常规耕作。由此可见，越是深耕，预期产量越高。较少

In 1987 we set up three experimental fields in Toyohashit Aichi-ken: 1) 1.5 meter super deep ploving plot 2) 1.0 meter deep ploving plot 3) Customary plot and did dynamic penetration test, static penetration test as well as soil hardness test. As a result it is confirmed that in the super deep and deep plowing plot the measurement value vas extremely low compared with the customary plot. Also it became clear from the measurement of pF-soil moisture curve and the measurement of the three phase distribution of soil that macro pore and air ratio increased by deep plowing and solid ration decreased. This influence also appeared on the result of the penetration test i.e. the value increased extremely in the super deep plowing plot deep plowing glot. The result of the particle test showed that in contrast to the multi stratification of the customary plot, the particle component equalized in 1.0 meter and 1.5 meter deep plowing plot in all strata. Also the consistency test revealed that while … More in the customary plot the liquid limit and the plastic limit changed according to the depth and correspond with the stratification of the particle size distributions the change of the value were few in the 1.5 meter deep plowing plot.From the view point of chemical side of soil, though the many type of effective components were extremely unequalized just after the deep plowing treatment it was gradually equalized in accordance with the strata with the lapse of time. This was especially remarkable in the super deep plowing plot. In the super deep plowing plot, high density distribution pattern of many type of effective components appeared somewhere around 90 - 100 centimeter area. Also the illuviation from the result of declination of fine particle of soil could be found.The result of the yield test of cabbage done in 1988 - 1989 showed the yield became bigger in order of 1) super deep plowing plot - 1.5 meter 2) deep plowing plot - 1 meter 3) customary plot From the above it is clear that the deeper the plowing the more yield could be expected. Less