Polymorphonuclear leukocytes as an inflammatory hormone-producing argan.

多形核白细胞（PMN）被认为是外来物质的清除细胞。就在最近，我们已经意识到PMN除了作为众所周知的清除者的作用外，还可能作为炎症激素产生细胞发挥重要作用，因为我们注意到PMN在兔腹腔炎症的早期阶段产生免疫增强因子。这种免疫增强因子被认为是PMN浸润到炎症部位后新合成的。假设的基础是(a)血PMN不具有这种因素。(b)炎性PMN在炎症部位迅速转变为具有该因子。(c)内毒素与摇培养联合刺激可诱发血PMN在体外产生该因子。这种体外生产被几种蛋白质合成抑制剂完全抑制。(d) 14c标记的氨基酸被纳入到新合成的免疫增强因子中。我们分离出了炎症免疫增强因子并确定了其部分结构。此外，我们成功地选择了一个编码免疫增强因子的cDNA克隆，并确定了其结构。其结构与人、鼠IL - 1非常相似，由此推断该炎症因子为兔IL - 1。然后，我们面临的问题是考虑这个IL - 1是否真的是由PMN产生的，因为一般认为巨噬细胞是IL - 1的主要产生者，但我们最终证明了IL - 1是由PMN产生的：(a)从早期炎症性腹膜渗出细胞中提取的高度纯化的PMN含有IL - 1。(b)纯化后的PMN表达IL - 1 mRNA。(c)组织化学证实炎症部位约99%含IL - 1的细胞为PMN。(d)在整个炎症过程中，只有少数含IL - 1的细胞是巨噬细胞。IL - 1现在被认为是重要的炎症激素之一，我们认为PMN也可能在炎症部位产生除IL - 1以外的重要物质。我们研究了这种可能性，发现PMN在长时间的炎症中保持其蛋白质合成能力直到48小时。炎性PMN到达炎症部位后至少产生8种分泌蛋白。这些新合成物质的生物学功能有待进一步研究。少

Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) have been believed to serve as scavenger cells for foreign substances. Just recently, we have realized that PMN may have an important role as an inflammatory hormone-producing cells in addition to the well known role as scavengers, because we have noted that PMN were producing an immune potentiation factor during the early stage of inflammation in peritoneal cavity of rabbits. This immune potentiation factor was considered to be newly synthesized by PMN after their infiltration into the inflammatory site. The basis of the assumption was (a) Blood PMN do not have such factor. (b) Inflammatory PMN quickly changed to have the factor at the inflammatory site. (c) Blood PMN could be triggered to produce the factor in vitro by stimulation of a combination with endotoxin and shaking culture. This in vitro production was completely inhibited by several inhibitors of protein synthesis. (d) 14C-labelled amino acids were incorporated into the nowly syntheized im … More mune potentiation factor.We have isolated the inflammatory immune potentiation factor and determined its partial structure. Furthermore, we have succeeded to choose a cDNA clone coding fot the immune potentiation factor and determined its structure. The structure closely resembled that of human and murine IL 1 then, we concluded that this inflammatory factor is IL 1 of rabbit.Then, we were faced the problem of consideration whether this IL 1 is really produced by PMN, because macrophages were generally believed to be the major producer of IL 1 but we finally proved the production of IL 1 by PMN as follows: (a) A highly purified PMN from the early inflammatory peritoneal exudate cells contained IL 1. (b) Also, the purified PMN express the mRNA for IL 1 .(c) It was histochemically proved that about 99% of IL 1 -containing cells at inflammatory site were PMN. (d) Only a few percentage of IL 1 -containing cells were macrophages during the entire course of the inflammation. The IL 1 is now considered to be one of important inflammatory hormone and we considered that PMN also may produce important substances other than IL 1 at the inflammatory site. We investigated this possibility and found that PMN kept their protein synthesis capability during a long period of inflammation until 48 hrs. The inflammatory PMN produced at least 8 kinds of secreting proteins after arrival into the invlammatory site. The biolobical functions of these newly syntheseized substances are the matter of further investigation. Less