Multidimensional observation of articulatory dynamics and its clinical application

言语产生的过程包括三个不同的层次，即神经指令层次、发音运动层次和声学层次。为了了解言语产生的全过程，有必要从这三个不同的层面分析不同类型的生理信号，一般来说，发音器可以被假设为将神经指令转换为声学事件的装置，肌电作为神经指令的代表信号被记录并分析作为最终输出，1）音高控制的生理机制：通过对环甲肌和胸骨舌骨肌肌电的记录和分析，观察不同重音模式的生理机制。从这项研究中，可以得出结论，基频的降低是由胸骨舌骨肌的贡献控制。对于歌唱声，胸骨甲状肌的作用不同于说话声。可以得出这样的结论：为了达到相同的声学效果，不同的发声模式和不同的说话者可以有不同的策略。2）说话速率的影响：本研究从声学参数以及发音器官的运动方面研究了说话速率的影响。实验结果表明，实现目标音素的策略多种多样，具体策略的选择取决于说话者。3）临床应用：对同一病理病例进行多维度记录和分析。分析结果在记录时反馈给患者。事实证明，“多维”分析可以用作语音训练工具。

The process of the speech production consists of three different levels such as the neural command level, the level of the articulatory movement and the acoustic level. In order to understand the whole process of speech production, it is essential to analyze the different kind of physiological signals from these three different levels.In general, the articulators can be assumed to be devices which transform the neural commands to the acoustic events.As the representing signals of the neural commands, electromyography was recorded and analyzed as the final output, the acoustic signals were also analyzed.Depending on this consensus, this research program has been performed.1) Physiological mechanism of pitch control: EMG from the cricothyroid and sternohyoid muscles were recorded and analyzed to observe the physiological mechanism of the different accent patterns. From this study, it can be concluded that the lowering of the fundamental frequency is controlled by the contribution of the sternohyoid muscle. For the singing voice, the role of the sternothyroid muscle is different from that of the speaking voice. It may be concluded that to achieve the same acoustic effect, there can be different strategies for different mode of phonation and also different speakers.2) The effects of the speaking rate: In this research program, the effects of the speaking rate was investigated from the aspect of acoustic parameters as well as movements of the articulators. As conclusion, there are various strategies to achieve the target phoneme and the choice of the strategy is dependent on the speaker.3) Clinical applications: Multidimensional recording and analysis were performed on same pathological cases. The results of the analysis was fed back to the patient on time of the recording. It was proved that a "multidimensional" analysis can be used as a speech training tool.