CONSTRUCTION COSTS AND ESTIMATED QUANTITY OF REINFORCED CONCRETE SCHOOL BUILDINGS

近年来，学校建筑因具有宽敞、丰富、大厅、开放等特点，其平面和形态都在发生变化，为了更好地反映学校建筑的变化，有必要对建筑造价进行探讨。本研究的目的是通过对当前学校建筑造价和估算量的分析，在不进行严格估算的情况下，粗略掌握估算量，并知道总的建设成本。本研究领域的后果如下。(1)每平方米建筑面积的总建筑成本约为150，000日元，每平方米建筑面积的混凝土工程、建筑工程、加固工程和硬件工程的成本分别为11，000、15，000、9，000和12，000日元（1984年至1987年的中值）。(2)每平方米建筑面积的混凝土、钢筋和钢筋的总量分别为0.73（m3/m2）、4.79（m2/m2）和0.085（t/m2）（中值）。混凝土、模板、钢筋的总用量与总建筑面积高度相关，但每平方建筑面积骨架材料的总用量随着总建筑面积的增加而逐渐减少。(3)除了天花板面积外，内墙和外部开口的饰面面积与总楼面面积高度相关。内墙面积占总建筑面积的比例分布在0.8 ~ 1.2之间，外开洞面积占总建筑面积的比例分布在0.2 ~ 0.3之间。（4）利用骨架-混凝土、模板、钢筋的材料用量，以及楼板、吊顶、内墙、外墙、外开洞等各部分的饰面面积，由于我们可以通过公布获得材料和工程的单价信息，因此可以粗略地计算出总建筑成本，而无需估算。

Recently school buildings are changing in plan and shape because of having spacious richness large hall, open-space and so on. It is necessary to explore construction costs in order to remote the changes of school buildings.The purpose of this study is to analyze the current construction costs and estimated quantity of school buildings, to grasp the estimated quantity roughly without estimating strictly, and to know the total construction cost.The consequences of this study areas follows.(1) Total construction cost per one square meters of floor areas is about 150,000 yen and the costs per one square meters of floor areas of concrete work, from work, reinforcement work, and hardware work are 11,000, 15,000, 9,000, and 12,000 yen respectively at the median value during 1984 to 1987.(2) The total amount per one square meters of floor areas of concrete, from, and reinforcement are 0.73(m3/m2), 4.79(m2/m2), and 0.085(t/m2) respectively at the median value. The total amount of concrete, form, and reinforcement are highly correlated with total floor areas, but the total amount per one square of floor areas of the materials of skeleton are diminishing little by little according to the increasing of total floor areas.(3) The finish areas of inner wall and exterior opening are highly correlated with total floor areas in addition to ceiling areas. The rates of inner wall areas to total floor areas are distributed between 0.8 and 1.2, and the rates of exterior opening areas are between 0.2 and 0.3 (4) Using the amount of materials of skeleton - concrete, form, and reinforcement, and the finish areas of each part - floor, ceiling, inner wall, exterior wall, exterior opening, and etc., we can calculate the total construction cost roughly without estimating because we can get the information of unit prices of materials and work through publication.