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The improvement of gel spinning fibers as clothing materials

凝胶纺丝纤维作为服装材料的改进

基本信息

批准号：
63460228
负责人：
MATSUO Masaru
金额：
$ 4.8万
依托单位：
Nara Women's University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1988
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1988 至 1989
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

In accordance with the recent dramatic development of polymer science, a number of researches have been carried out to produce synthethic fibers with different performance characteristics. The present studies deal with primarily with the investigation of the influence of molecular weight on drawability in order to prepare high strength and high modulus fibers of poly- -olefins, polyamide, polyester, and cellulose. Special attention has been paid to morphological properties because they have a significant effect on mechanical and thermal properties.Throughout this study, the morphology and the mechanical properties of semicrystalline polymers were clarified. More precisely, (1) The crystal lattice moduli in the chain direction for polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) are independent of temperature close to their melting Points, but their Young's moduli decreases with temperature. This is due to a decrease in their crystallinity with temperature. (2) The crystal lattice modulus and the linear thermal expansion coefficient measured by X-ray diffraction are different from the intrinsic crystal lattice modulus and the coefficient in a general polymeric system, in which the oriented crystalline layers are surrounded by an oriented amorphous phase. (3) The origin of the crystal dispersion of PE and PP are dependent upon their own morphology. Namely, the activation energies of the crystal dispersion become lower with increasing draw ratio. (4) The cross-linking of PE is performed with a chemical reaction using dicuml peroxide under drawing process of the dried gel film. The drastic improvement in high temperature resistance is realized for the specimens with Young's modulus of 100 GPa at 20ﾟC.

近年来，随着高分子科学的迅速发展，人们进行了大量的研究，以生产具有不同性能特征的合成纤维。本研究主要是探讨分子量对拉伸性能的影响，以制备高强度和高模量的聚烯烃、聚酰胺、聚酯和纤维素纤维。由于半结晶聚合物的形态结构对材料的力学性能和热性能有着重要的影响，因此半结晶聚合物的形态结构和力学性能受到了特别的关注。更准确地说，（1）聚乙烯（PE）和聚丙烯（PP）在链方向上的晶格模量与接近其熔点的温度无关，但其杨氏模量随温度降低。这是由于它们的结晶度随温度而降低。(2)通过X射线衍射测量的晶格模量和线性热膨胀系数不同于一般聚合物系统中的固有晶格模量和系数，在一般聚合物系统中，取向的结晶层被取向的非晶相包围。(3)PE和PP的结晶分散体的来源取决于它们自身的形态。也就是说，晶体分散体的活化能随着拉伸比的增加而降低。(4)PE的交联是在干燥凝胶膜的拉伸过程中使用过氧化二异丙苯通过化学反应进行的。在20 ℃时杨氏模量为100 GPa的样品的耐高温性能得到了显著改善。