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Development of nano-fibers and the application to apparel science

纳米纤维的开发及其在服装科学中的应用

基本信息

批准号：
16200044
负责人：
MATSUO Masaru
金额：
$ 31.45万
依托单位：
Nara Women's University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

This research deals with the mechanical properties of composite materials of polymer and fillers in terms of apparel and clothing science. The composites by admixing common conductive fillers are characterized by a percolation threshold or a critical value at which the conductivity starts to increase as a function of filler contents. Multi-wall carbon nenotubes (MWNTs) and carbon fibers (CF) were uesed as fillers and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) were used as matrix.. The composite materials were prepared by gelation./crystallization from solution.. UHMWPE and MWNT composites were prepared using either decalin or paraffin as solvent. Electrical conductivity measurements were performed for the original and heat-treated composites. The drastic increase in conductivity occurred at low MWNT content for the composite prepared in paraffin, while the conductivity of the composite prepared in decalin increased slightly up to l0wt% MWNT content. Scanning electron microscopy … More observations revealed that the MWNTs within the composite prepared in decalin were covered by UHMWPE, and their average diameters were much greater than those of the original MWNTs, while the average diameter of the MWNTs within the composite prepared in paraffin was similar to the diameter of the original MWNTs. Such different morphology was found to be due to the different crystallization.Some of UHMWPE - carbon filler composites showed a sharp increase in electrical resistivity at elevated temperature close to the polymer melting point, which is known as the positive temperature coefficient (PTC) effect. A simple resistor-capacitor circuit model id proposed to explore the alternating current (AC) conductivity and dielectric permittivity behavior of UHMWPE-CF composites. The composites are considered as a system composed of random arrays of closely spaced conductors dispersed in an insulating UHMWPE matrix and broad frequency measurements are carried out to probe the conducting path and the space gaps to show the experimental evidence for explaining PTC mechanism. Less

这项研究涉及服装和服装科学方面聚合物和填料复合材料的机械性能。混合常见导电填料的复合材料的特征在于渗透阈值或临界值，在该值处电导率开始随填料含量的变化而增加。以多壁碳纳米管（MWNT）和碳纤维（CF）为填料，超高分子量聚乙烯（UHMWPE）为基体，采用凝胶/溶液结晶法制备复合材料。以十氢萘或石蜡为溶剂制备UHMWPE和MWNT复合材料。对原始复合材料和热处理复合材料进行电导率测量。对于在石蜡中制备的复合材料来说，在低MWNT含量时电导率急剧增加，而在十氢萘中制备的复合材料的电导率在达到10wt％MWNT含量时略有增加。扫描电镜观察发现，十氢化萘制备的复合材料中的MWNT被UHMWPE覆盖，其平均直径远大于原始MWNT的平均直径，而石蜡制备的复合材料中MWNT的平均直径与原始MWNT的直径相似。这种不同的形态被发现是由于不同的结晶造成的。一些UHMWPE-碳填料复合材料在接近聚合物熔点的高温下表现出电阻率急剧增加，这被称为正温度系数（PTC）效应。提出了一个简单的电阻电容电路模型来探索 UHMWPE-CF 复合材料的交流 (AC) 电导率和介电常数行为。该复合材料被认为是由分散在绝缘 UHMWPE 基体中的紧密间隔导体随机阵列组成的系统，并进行宽频率测量以探测导电路径和空间间隙，以显示解释 PTC 机制的实验证据。较少的