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Development of nano-fibers and the application to apparel science

纳米纤维的开发及其在服装科学中的应用

基本信息

批准号：
16200044
负责人：
MATSUO Masaru
金额：
$ 31.45万
依托单位：
Nara Women's University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

This research deals with the mechanical properties of composite materials of polymer and fillers in terms of apparel and clothing science. The composites by admixing common conductive fillers are characterized by a percolation threshold or a critical value at which the conductivity starts to increase as a function of filler contents. Multi-wall carbon nenotubes (MWNTs) and carbon fibers (CF) were uesed as fillers and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) were used as matrix.. The composite materials were prepared by gelation./crystallization from solution.. UHMWPE and MWNT composites were prepared using either decalin or paraffin as solvent. Electrical conductivity measurements were performed for the original and heat-treated composites. The drastic increase in conductivity occurred at low MWNT content for the composite prepared in paraffin, while the conductivity of the composite prepared in decalin increased slightly up to l0wt% MWNT content. Scanning electron microscopy … More observations revealed that the MWNTs within the composite prepared in decalin were covered by UHMWPE, and their average diameters were much greater than those of the original MWNTs, while the average diameter of the MWNTs within the composite prepared in paraffin was similar to the diameter of the original MWNTs. Such different morphology was found to be due to the different crystallization.Some of UHMWPE - carbon filler composites showed a sharp increase in electrical resistivity at elevated temperature close to the polymer melting point, which is known as the positive temperature coefficient (PTC) effect. A simple resistor-capacitor circuit model id proposed to explore the alternating current (AC) conductivity and dielectric permittivity behavior of UHMWPE-CF composites. The composites are considered as a system composed of random arrays of closely spaced conductors dispersed in an insulating UHMWPE matrix and broad frequency measurements are carried out to probe the conducting path and the space gaps to show the experimental evidence for explaining PTC mechanism. Less

本研究从服装和服装科学的角度研究聚合物和填料复合材料的力学性能。通过加入普通导电填料的复合材料的特征是有一个渗流阈值或一个临界值，在该临界值时，电导率开始随着填料含量的增加而增加。以多壁碳纳米管(MWNTs)和碳纤维(CF)为填料，以超高相对分子质量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)为基质。复合材料是由溶液凝胶/结晶法制备的。以十氢呋喃和石蜡为溶剂制备了UHMWPE/MWNT复合材料。对原始和热处理后的复合材料进行了电导率测量。在较低的MWNT含量下，石蜡中制备的复合材料的电导率有较大幅度的提高，而在十氢呋喃中制备的复合材料在MWNT含量为10wt%时，电导率略有增加。扫描电子显微镜…进一步的观察表明，在十氢化氢溶液中制备的复合材料中的MWNTs被UHMWPE覆盖，其平均直径比原始MWNTs大得多，而在石蜡中制备的复合材料中MWNTs的平均直径与原始MWNTs的直径相近。一些UHMWPE/碳复合材料在聚合物熔点附近的高温下，其电阻率急剧增加，这就是所谓的正温度系数(PTC)效应。提出了一个简单的阻容电路模型来研究UHMWPE-CF复合材料的交流电导率和介电常数行为。将复合材料视为由分散在绝缘UHMWPE中的紧密排列的导体组成的系统，并通过宽频测量来探测导电路径和空间间隙，为解释PTC机理提供了实验依据。较少