Physiological Study of Leaf Fall in Fruit Trees

果树落叶的生理研究

• 批准号: 63480034
• 负责人: OGATA Ryosuke
• 金额: $ 4.42万
• 依托单位: Utsunomiya University (1989-1990)Tohoku University (1988)
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1988 至 1990
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-63480034/
• 关键词: fruit tree; leaf fall; bud break; polyamine; hydrogen cyanamide; 果樹; 落葉; 発芽; ポリアミン; 落葉果樹; 内生生長物質; 温帯果樹; 生長調節物質

In the experiment of apple trees grown under warm condition, artificial defoliation induced bud break easily from top of the shoot, but it was difficult to induce the bud break of lateral buds on the basal part of shoot. It is suggested that the other endogenous substance than the stimululus from defoliation to bud were needed to induce the bud break.Shoot growth of the cv Fuji apple was retarded by spraying with paclobutrazol at 500 ppm, four times during the growing season. Significant differences in the number of flower buds between the treated and the untreated trees were found. Carbohydrates and nitrogen levels in the treated trees was higher than in the untreated ones. Bothe calcium and hydrogen cyanamide enhanced bud break but hydrogen cyanamide was more effective. Addition of "Merit" to these chemicals increased induction of bud break under simulated tropical/sub-tropical conditions. Results varied with application time and these results are not fully understood and require further investigation.Following defoliation or application of chemicals for bud break, there was a increase in zeatin riboside (ZR) and great changes of polyamine fractions, specially spermidine and spermine in the buds within 48 hours after application of artificial defoliations. These treatments induced the bud break two two or three weeks later, respectively.

在暖温条件下，人工去叶容易诱导苹果树顶芽的萌发，但难以诱导顶芽基部侧芽的萌发。结果表明，多效唑对富士苹果新梢生长有明显的抑制作用，在生长季内连续4次喷施多效唑500 ppm可明显抑制富士苹果新梢的生长。结果表明，处理树的花芽数与未处理树相比有显著差异，处理树的碳水化合物和氮素水平高于未处理树。钙和氢氰胺都能促进芽的萌发，但氢氰胺的效果更好。在模拟热带/亚热带条件下，向这些化学品中添加“Merit”增加了芽断裂的诱导。结果表明，人工脱叶或化学药剂处理后48 h内，玉米芽中玉米素核苷（ZR）含量增加，多胺组分变化较大，尤其是亚精胺和精胺。这些处理分别在2、2、3周后诱导芽萌发。

项目成果

K. Krisana, R. Ogata and S. Subhadrabandhu: "Study on some cultural practice to induce lateral bud emergence in apple trees grown under warm conditions" Acta Horticulturae. 279. 275-282 (1990)

K. Krisana、R. Ogata 和 S. Subhadrabandhu：“关于在温暖条件下生长的苹果树中诱导侧芽出现的一些栽培实践的研究”《园艺学报》。

K,KRISANA,R,OGATA S,SUBHADRABANDHU: "Study on sonce cultural practice to induce lateral bud emergence in apple trees grown under warm couditions" Acta Horticulturae. 279. 275-282 (1990)

K,KRISANA,R,OGATA S,SUBHADRABANDHU：“对在温暖条件下生长的苹果树诱导侧芽出现的栽培实践的研究”《园艺学报》。

尾形 亮輔,古屋 修,藤重 宣昭: "果樹の落葉による発芽とポリアミンについて" 園芸学会 平成3年秋季大会発表.

Ryosuke Ogata、Osamu Furuya、Nobuaki Fujishige：“果树落叶引起的发芽和多胺”在日本园艺学会 1991 年秋季会议上的演讲。

K.KRISANA.,Y.MOTOMURA T.SAITO,R.OGATA,S.SUBHADRABANDHU: "The effects of paclabutragel,calcium and hydrogen ayanamide on growth cessation and bud burst of apple grown under warm glasshouse conditions" Kasetsart Journal. 24. 218-223 (1990)

K.KRISANA.,Y.MOTOMURA T.SAITO,R.OGATA,S.SUBHADRABANDHU：“帕拉布曲格尔、钙和氢绫酰胺对温暖温室条件下生长的苹果生长停止和发芽的影响”Kasetsart Journal。

K. Krisana, Y. Motomura, T. Saito, R. Ogata and S. Subhadrabandhu: "The effect of paclobutrazol, calcium cyanamide and hydrogen cyanamide on growth cessation and bud burst of apple grown under warm glasshouse conditions" Kasetsart Journal. 24. 218-223 (19

K. Krisana、Y. Motomura、T. Saito、R. Ogata 和 S. Subhadrabandhu：“多效唑、氰氨化钙和氰氨化氢对温暖温室条件下苹果生长停止和发芽的影响”Kasetsart Journal。