Air pollution effects on inflammation, cardiovascular risk factors and cardiovascular events - role of source-specific PM and PM components

空气污染对炎症、心血管危险因素和心血管事件的影响——特定源 PM 和 PM 成分的作用

• 批准号: 44069669
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Barbara Hoffmann
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Umwelt und Energie, Technik und Analytik e.V. (IUTA)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2007-12-31 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/44069669?language=en
• 关键词: Air; pollution; effects; inflammation; cardiovascular

During the previous project phase we investigated the impact of overall fine particulate matter (PM) and PM from different emission sources on inflammatory markers of the innate immune system, cardiovascular risk factors and cardiometabolic disease in the general population. Our most important finding is that short- and long-term exposure to fine PM are associated with a systemic inflammatory response, impaired glucose control, and an elevated risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus, and that long-term PM is associated with increased arterial blood pressure and subclinical atherosclerosis. First preliminary evidence from our study also suggests an additional pathway via the adaptive immune system, which has not been examined in long-term epidemiological studies before. Source-specific analyses tend to show an increased toxicity of fresh local traffic emissions in comparison to overall PM, while this could not be observed so far for local industry-specific PM. In this renewal proposal, we aim to advance our research by (1) enhancing the exposure assessment with modeled constituent data and by extending the scenario simulations from including only local sources to including also regional sources of traffic and industry. (2) We want to make use of the enlarged Heinz Nixdorf Recall Study (HNR) health data base, which now incorporates 10 years of follow-up, to investigate source-specific PM effects on incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events as well as extended analyses on cardiovascular risk factors. (3) Moreover, our preliminary analyses have pointed to an involvement of the adaptive immune system in the generation of chronic inflammatory responses to PM. This novel finding has been supported by toxicological evidence. We aim to follow this new avenue of air pollution research and investigate the associations of source-specific PM with free light chains and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). We expect to be able to contribute to the pressing questions on source-specific and constituent-specific health effects of fine PM air pollution and through this contribute to more effective and efficient preventive measures.

在之前的项目阶段，我们研究了总体细颗粒物 (PM) 和不同排放源的 PM 对普通人群先天免疫系统炎症标志物、心血管危险因素和心脏代谢疾病的影响。我们最重要的发现是，短期和长期接触细颗粒物与全身炎症反应、血糖控制受损和 2 型糖尿病风险升高有关，而长期接触细颗粒物与动脉血压升高和亚临床动脉粥样硬化有关。我们研究的第一个初步证据还表明，还有一条通过适应性免疫系统的途径，此前的长期流行病学研究尚未对此进行过研究。针对具体来源的分析往往表明，与总体 PM 相比，当地新交通排放的毒性有所增加，而迄今为止，对于当地特定行业的 PM 还没有观察到这一点。在此更新提案中，我们的目标是通过以下方式推进我们的研究：(1) 使用建模成分数据加强暴露评估，并将情景模拟从仅包括本地来源扩展到包括交通和工业的区域来源。 (2) 我们希望利用扩大的海因茨·尼克斯多夫回忆研究 (HNR) 健康数据库（现已包含 10 年的随访）来研究特定来源的 PM 对心脑血管事件发生率的影响，并对心血管危险因素进行扩展分析。 (3) 此外，我们的初步分析表明适应性免疫系统参与了 PM 慢性炎症反应的产生。这一新颖的发现得到了毒理学证据的支持。我们的目标是遵循空气污染研究的这一新途径，并研究特定来源的 PM 与游离轻链和意义未定的单克隆丙种球蛋白病 (MGUS) 的关联。我们希望能够为解决细颗粒物空气污染对特定来源和特定成分健康影响的紧迫问题做出贡献，并通过这一点为更有效和高效的预防措施做出贡献。